Analysis of Coupling Coordination Degree based on Panel Data
Yongsheng Sun
1,*
and Yanping Ren
2,†
1
Guilin University of Technology School of Tourism and Landscape Architecture, Yanshan, Guilin, China
2
Kaifeng Compulsory Isolation and Rehabilitation Center, KaiFeng, Henan, China
Keywords: Panel Data, Coupled Co Scheduling, Big Data.
Abstract: With the rapid development of internet of things, cloud computing, mobile Internet, artificial intelligence,
block chain and other information technologies, new technologies marked by digitization and big data
processing have been widely used in people's daily life. By crawling the network data and establishing the
relevant index system, this paper empirically analyzes the temporal and spatial law of coupling coordination
by using the coupling coordination degree model, and discusses its influencing factors and driving
mechanism. The results show that the coupling degree of the two systems generally shows an upward trend,
with relatively obvious stage characteristics,and the coordinated development of the coupling of the two
systems is the result of the comprehensive action of many factors.
1 INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the tourism consumption demand of
Chinese residents has become increasingly strong,
and the tourism investment has continued to grow.
Tourism has injected vitality into the development of
regional economy and become a new engine to
promote regional economic development. (Gong, et
al., 2021) At the same time, the enhancement of
regional economy has also created a good
environment for the development of tourism. (
Li, et
al., 2021
) The 19th CPC National Congress clearly
pointed out that at present, China's economic
development mode has changed from high-speed
development stage to high-quality development
stage. The coordinated development of regional
economy and the optimization of industrial structure
are an important part of building a modern economic
system. Therefore, the research on the coupling and
coordination between tourism industry and regional
economy is of great significance. At present,
domestic and foreign academic circles have done a lot
of research on the relationship between tourism and
regional economy, but the existing research mainly
takes the province as the unit for empirical research,
which can not well reflect the coupling and
coordination relationship between regional tourism
industry and regional economy. (
Mateusz, 2021) There
are relatively few dynamic studies from the
perspective of time series for typical tourist
destinations. Therefore, taking Tai Erzhuang District
as an example, this paper introduces the coupling
coordination model to empirically analyze the
relationship between tourism industry and regional
economy from the perspective of time series.
2 EVALUATION SYSTEM AND
RESEARCH METHODS
The prosperity of tourism provides vitality for the
development of regional economy, and the
development of regional economy provides necessary
material guarantee for the improvement of the ability
of tourism industry. In the process of this dynamic
development, they coordinate with each other,
promote and develop together. (Wang, et al., 2021)
This coordinated development is called coupling
coordination in physics. In physics, coupling refers to
the phenomenon that two (or more) systems or
motion forms affect each other through various
interactions. The coupling degree is a measure of the
degree of synergy between the internal parameters of
the system, and its value reflects the degree of
coordination between regional economy and tourism
industry.
252
Sun, Y. and Ren, Y.
Analysis of Coupling Coordination Degree based on Panel Data.
DOI: 10.5220/0011173300003440
In Proceedings of the International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management (BDEDM 2022), pages 252-255
ISBN: 978-989-758-593-7
Copyright
c
2022 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
2.1 Evaluation System
In this paper, the interaction mechanism between
tourism industry and regional economy is divided
into tourism industry system and regional economic
system, which are composed of many indicators.
(Yang, et al., 2021) There are many indicators
reflecting the development degree of tourism industry
and regional economy. This paper is based on the
principles of feasibility, scientificity and relevance
and relevant research. The indicators are filtered and
set. The evaluation index system of tourism industry
is: number of domestic tourists, domestic tourism
income, number of inbound tourists, inbound tourism
income, number of star hotels, number of travel
agencies and tourism status. The evaluation index
system of regional development is: GDP, output
value of tertiary industry, fiscal revenue, traffic and
passenger volume, and per capita disposable income.
The data in this paper comes from the statistical
yearbook of Zao Zhuang City from 2011 to 2018 and
the statistical bulletin of national economic and social
development of Tai Erzhuang district.
2.2 Coupling Coordination Model
In order to explore the relationship between tourism
and regional economic development, this paper uses
relevant literature and data for reference and uses the
coupling degree model (1) in physics to measure and
evaluate, but its limitation is that it can not reflect the
development level of the two systems and is prone to
the illusion of "virtual high". Therefore, the coupling
coordination degree model (2) is introduced to
accurately evaluate the coupling coordination
relationship between them.
（1）
（2）
Where, C is the coupling degree, U1 is the
comprehensive output value of the tourism industry
system, U2 is the comprehensive output value of the
regional economic system. D is the coupling
cooperative dispatching, and t is the comprehensive
coordination index between the tourism industry and
the regional economic system, α, β is the
undetermined coefficient. Tai Erzhuang District is
rich in tourism resources, and the quality of tourism
resources is relatively high. Therefore, the tourism
industry in Tai Erzhuang District plays an obvious
role in promoting the regional economy α, β This
paper refers to the research results of Yu Jie (Yu,
2014) α= 0.6, β= 0.4. If U1 > U2, it shows that the
contribution of tourism to regional economy is
greater than the support of regional economy to
tourism industry.In order to better reflect the degree
of coupling and coordination between regional
economy and tourism, based on the existing research
results , this paper divides the coupling and
coordination state into two categories: coordination
and imbalance, with a total of 10 sub levels. See Table
2 for the specific evaluation criteria.
Table 1: Classification of Coupling Coordination Degree.
Nu
mb
er
Degre
e
Level
Nu
mb
er
Degree Level
1
0—
0.10
Extreme
Disorder
6
0.501
—0.60
Reluctantly
Coordinate
2
0.101
—0.20
Severe
Imbalanc
e
7
0.601
—0.70
Primary
Coordinatio
n
3
0.201
—0.30
Moderate
Disorder
8
0.701
—0.80
Intermediate
Coordinatio
n
4
0.301
—0.40
Mild
Disorder
9
0.801
—0.90
Good
Coordinatio
n
5
0.401
—0.50
Verge of
Disorder
10
0.90—
1.0
High
Quality
Coordinatio
n
3 ANALYSIS OF TOURISM
INDUSTRY AND REGIONAL
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
LEVEL
Through the above methods, the development level of
tourism industry and regional economy in Tai
Erzhuang District from 2011 to 2018 and the
coupling and coordination level between the two
systems are calculated, as shown in Table 2.
According to table 3, the development level of
tourism and regional economy in Tai Erzhuang
District increased year by year from 2011 to 2018.
From the perspective of tourism development, the
tourism industry development level of Tai Erzhuang
District was the lowest (0.14) in 2011, mainly
because there were no attractive tourism hotspots in
Tai Erzhuang District before 2012, and the tourism
industry development level also reached the highest
21
21
uu
uu
c
+
×
=
21, UUTTCD
βα
+=×=
Analysis of Coupling Coordination Degree based on Panel Data
253
level (0.94) in 2018, among which various tourism
indicators also reached the highest level.
3.1 Analysis on the Role of Tourism in
Promoting Regional Economy
Since 2011, various indicators of tourism industry in
Tai Erzhuang District have been greatly improved.
According to the bulletin on national economic and
social development issued by Tai Erzhuang District,
the total number of domestic and foreign tourists and
tourism revenue in the region have increased
significantly since 2011, with the number of tourists
in 2011 and 2018 respectively 1.5 million and 11
million, an increase of about 7.3 times; The tourism
revenue was 855 million Yuan and 8.97 billion Yuan
respectively, an increase of about 10.4 times.
Table 2: Division of Coupling Coordination Degree
Between Tourism Industry and Regional Economy in Tai
Erzhuang District.
Year U1 U2 C D Coupling Level
2011 0.14 0.20 0.16 0.39 Mild Disorder
2012 0.35 0.36 0.42 0.39 Mild Disorder
2013 0.54 0.42 0.45 0.51
Reluctantly
Coordinate
2014 0.62 0.52 0.49 0.54
Reluctantly
Coordinate
2015 0.65 0.55 0.54 0.57
Reluctantly
Coordinate
2016 0.74 0.63 0.58 0.64
Preliminary
Coordination
2017 0.78 0.68 0.88 0.81
Good
Coordination
2018 0.94 0.85 1.00 0.99
High Quality
Coordination
3.2 Analysis on the Supporting Effect
of Regional Economy on Tourism
In terms of regional economic development, the GDP
of Tai Erzhuang District in 2018 increased by 1.5
times compared with that in 2011, the fiscal revenue
reached more than twice, and the general public
service expenditure reached more than four times,
providing a foundation and support for the
development of tourism. Firstly, the development of
regional economy has increased the income of
residents. In 2018, the per capital GDP in the region
was 28203 Yuan, which stimulated tourism
consumption, improved residents' lives and made it
possible for the development of tourism.The
development of regional economy has increased
fiscal revenue, increased fiscal expenditure and
injected funds into the development of tourism
industry. Tourism is an industry with long investment
cycle and long profit return cycle, which needs a lot
of financial support. In order to promote the
development of local tourism, the local government
has raised more than 7 billion Yuan to build a tourism
circle led by the ancient city of Tai Erzhuang, and
launched local unique musical, Lu Nan drum and
other tourism performance projects. Finally, the
development of regional economy promotes the
improvement of regional service scope and service
capacity, creates a good regional image and improves
regional popularity. The development of regional
economy promotes the improvement of management
level and service capacity. While improving
infrastructure, it will also promote the formation of a
perfect tourism service system.
3.3 Analysis on the Coupling
Coordination Degree Between
Tourism and Regional Economy in
Tai Erzhuang District
According to table 2, the coupling and coordination
between tourism industry and regional economy in
Tai Erzhuang District from 2011 to 2018 can be
divided into two stages: coordination and imbalance,
namely, the imbalance stage in 2011 and 2012 and the
coordination stage in 2013-2018. U1 < U2 in 2011
and 2012 shows that the role of tourism in promoting
regional economy is less than that of regional
economy in supporting tourism. This period is called
regional promotion type in this paper. At this stage,
Tai Erzhuang District has not yet had attractive
tourist attractions. In 2011 and 2012, the
contribution rate of the primary and secondary
industries to GDP was 58.7% and 71.4%, and the
development level of the tertiary industry is low. At
the same time, it also verifies the limitations of the
coupling coordination degree model (1), That is,
when the development level of regional economy and
tourism industry is in a low state, there will be a
"virtual high" coordination state. In 2011, the number
of domestic and foreign tourists in Tai Erzhuang
District was only 1.5 million, and the total tourism
revenue was 825 million Yuan, which was only
equivalent to 6.3% of the region's GDP. At this time,
the role of tourism in promoting the regional
economy has not been reflected.
After 2013, U1 > U2 shows that the driving effect
of tourism on regional economy has been greater than
BDEDM 2022 - The International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management
254
that of regional economy on tourism industry. After
experiencing the explosive growth of the number of
tourists in 2011 and 2012, the number of tourists in
Tai Erzhuang District showed a steady upward trend,
and the tourism industry developed steadily. Table 3
shows that the development level of tourism industry
in 2013 is bulletin on national economic and social
development issued significantly higher than that in
2012. According to the bulletin on national economic
and social development issued by Erzhuang District
government, the comprehensive income of tourism
industry in Tai Erzhuang District in 2013 was 1.602
billion Yuan, the growth rate of comprehensive
output value of tourism industry was 49.1%, and the
coupling coordination degree between tourism
industry and regional economy was 0.51, The tourism
industry began to promote the coordinated
development of regional economy. In 2018, there
were 65 travel agencies and 14 travel hotels in Tai
Erzhuang District, receiving 11 million domestic and
foreign tourists.
Figure 1: Tourism industry and Regional Development
Level and Coupling Coordination in Tai Erzhuang District.
4 CONCLUSIONS
From the perspective of time series, this paper
analyzes the development of coupling and
coordination degree between tourism industry and
regional economy in Tai Erzhuang district from 2011
to 2018, and draws some conclusions: (1) there is
indeed a coupling and coordination relationship
between tourism industry and regional economy.
Fromthe perspective of time, the coupling and
coordination state of tourism industry system and
regional economic system is different in different
development periods, Coordinating the development
relationship and state between them is an important
basis for the harmonious development of tourism and
regional economy. (2) The degree of coupling and
coordination reflects the degree of mutual adaptation
and synergy of various elements within the tourism
industry system and the regional economic system.
The improvement of the degree of coupling and
coordination represents the process of the tourism
industry system and the regional economic system
from disorder to order.
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