Green Technologies Are the Foundations of the Future

А. A. Bisultanova

Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia

Keywords: Sustainable development of territories, ecological catastrophe, principles of sustainable development, green

technologies.

Abstract: The article discusses the main advantages of the introduction of green technologies. It was emphasized that

humanity is on the verge of an ecological catastrophe and the leaders of all countries should take the necessary

measures to reduce the impact of human waste products on the overall environmental situation. The green

economy is an alternative and the only solution in today's difficult conditions of environmental pollution, and

its necessity must be emphasized by economic, social, and political actions. The article argues that the

effectiveness of the introduction of green technologies depends entirely on the combination of public policy

and the economic policy of the private sector. The author pays great attention to the role of the state in the

effectiveness of the development and implementation of green economy technologies. The author emphasized

that the uncertainty of state policy regarding the legal, economic and political basis for the introduction of

green technologies, ultimately, is costly for our planet.

1 INTRODUCTION

Green technology is a comprehensive term that is

based on the use of science and technology to protect

the environment. Many methods fall under this term,

such as the use of green chemistry, environmental

monitoring and much more. The point of all these

technologies is to ensure that the environment

remains protected and that the damage that has

already been done to it can be repaired to some extent.

It is also called environmental technology or "clean"

technology. Attention has been paid to green

technologies since 1990, these technologies

guarantee that the Earth will remain healthy for the

entire duration of life on it (Figovsky, 2018;

Burmatova, 2021; UNEP, 2011). In general, the

concept of green technologies can be viewed from

different angles (Figure 1):

Speaking about the advantages of using green

technologies, first of all, it is worth noting that with

the help of green technologies, waste can be recycled,

which allows waste to be used for useful purposes for

humans. With the help of waste recycling

technologies, a lot of useful things are created, for

example, fertilizers for plants, fuel, furniture, etc.

Also, with the help of green technologies, it is

possible to effectively purify water, since everyone

knows that there is a shortage of clean drinking water

on the planet. It is thanks to green technologies that

this problem can be solved.

Another direction of the introduction of green

technologies is the fight against carbon dioxide

emissions. Green technologies help to reduce carbon

dioxide emissions and clean the air, which is polluted

by human waste products from day to day. Moreover,

the following observation was made - the higher the

level of development of science and technology in the

region, the more polluted the environment of this

region.

Figure 1. The conceptual apparatus of green technologies.

It should also be said that thanks to the use of

green technologies, energy savings occur, as new

Environmental

technologies

GREEN

TECHNOLOGIES

resource-saving

technologies

results of IT solutions

aimed at nature

protection

technologies that

ensure the production

of products

the "greening" of

technologies can be

characterized in

historical chronology

rather high-tech and

expensive

technologies

Bisultanova, A.

Green Technologies Are the Foundations of the Future.

DOI: 10.5220/0011569200003524

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Methods, Models, Technologies for Sustainable Development (MMTGE 2022) - Agroclimatic Projects and Carbon Neutrality, pages

239-243

ISBN: 978-989-758-608-8

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

239

devices are being developed that use less energy and

fuel for their work.

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

Achieving the introduction of green technologies into

the economy, despite their expensive cost, is a social,

political, and economic task for society. The

introduction of green technologies will ultimately be

able to change society, new business models will be

developed, new chains of connections in production

that have not been used before will be discovered,

consumer behavior in the market will change, the list

of preferred goods for a potential buyer will change,

appropriate amendments will be made to the

legislative and regulatory base. According to

numerous studies, without political support,

enterprises will not want to stimulate the long-term

development of green technologies, as well as

consumers of products that are the product of the

introduction of green technologies will not want to

buy it at a higher price than for a product created

without the participation of green technologies. And

even in this case, it is not entirely clear whether

consumers will want to pay a large amount for a car

solely based on the knowledge that the main

production process is less carbon-intensive than

before (Bisultanova, 2021; Dzhabrailova, 2021;

Greening the economy in the Pan-European region,

2014). In addition, the obtained results of

fundamental research and development, which seem

promising, may not actually turn out to be so rosy.

Moreover, the introduction of green technologies is a

costly and knowledge-intensive process, which can

be a serious obstacle for small and medium-sized

enterprises. In total, it is necessary to summarize the

fact that the introduction of green technologies is a

difficult process to predict, however, it is known for

sure that there will be problems in the process of

transition to a green economy: firstly, associated with

high risk; secondly, associated with high material

costs.

In addition, the growing importance of diffuse

emissions also requires green innovation in the public

sector. In particular, the implementation of

environmental regulations requires specific

monitoring technologies that can measure pollution

levels. The development of new technologies that, for

example, facilitate low-cost monitoring of emissions

should be encouraged, but it is unclear who has the

incentive to promote and conduct such research and

development. Similar concerns can be raised about

innovations that allow consumers to better assess the

environmental footprint of various products and

services. Private firms cannot be expected to engage

intensively in these types of green innovations.

Nevertheless, governments often spend significant

amounts to finance research and development in the

field of pollution control technologies, but less often

it is observed that government programs finance

research in the field of technologies that can

contribute to policy implementation and

environmental monitoring.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

It is obvious that it is also necessary to improve the

system for evaluating the effectiveness of the

introduction of green technologies. In the context of

increased attention to the role of technology-specific

policies, such evaluations are far from unambiguous.

They should take into account the role of various

policies in innovation systems and take into account

the important effects of interaction between the state

and the private sector.

The positive power of technology and green

thinking is evident all over the world, and the use of

green technologies is growing. For example, global

investment in renewable energy has been growing for

many years, increasing five-fold between 2004-2010,

and there has been steady growth since then. A

Bloomberg New Energy Finance report for 2018

indicated that investments in clean energy amounted

to more than USD 322 billion. If we touch on the

advantages that the introduction of green

technologies gives to business, it is worth noting that

the costs of electricity consumed are reduced; the

costs of water consumption are also reduced, for

example, some enterprises have reduced water

consumption by up to half due to the introduction of

green water-saving technologies, such as touch taps;

employee productivity increases, for example the

account of the approach to maintaining a healthy

lifestyle and well-being; gives tax benefits:

depending on the implemented technology, there may

be tax benefits for green devices. For example, the use

of solar panels can give tax benefits, and the sale of

solar panels exempts owners from paying income tax.

It is also worth noting that the introduction of green

economy technologies contributes to the formation of

a more prestigious image of the company, confirms

the fact that the organization has greater social

responsibility.

According to forecasts, the global volume of solar

photovoltaic installations will break new records,

both in 2022 and in 2023, and next year the annual

MMTGE 2022 - I International Conference "Methods, models, technologies for sustainable development: agroclimatic projects and carbon

neutrality", Kadyrov Chechen State University Chechen Republic, Grozny, st. Sher

240

market will reach the threshold of 200 gigawatts,

boosted by growth in China and India. There are

expected to be more solar panels on the roofs of EU

homes and businesses as they help consumers save

money on rising energy bills.

A 40 percent drop in the growth of new offshore

wind capacity worldwide is also expected in 2022,

after its growth was caused by a huge jump in China

last year, as developers rushed to meet subsidy

deadlines. "But global capacity growth this year will

still be more than 80% higher than in 2020," the IEA

said in a statement. Even despite the slowdown in

growth this year, China will surpass Europe by the

end of 2022 and become the market with the largest

total volume of offshore wind power capacity in the

world. Lengthy and complicated procedures for

obtaining permits and political uncertainty are

hindering the much faster growth of wind energy,

according to the IEA.

Most of the technologies under consideration are

still at an early stage of development, despite the

objective need for their implementation, and only a

few large projects are working on a scale close to

those required to achieve the company's goals,

The situation with the introduction of green

technologies into the Russian economy is as follows.

Now the first national "Green Standards" with an

integrated approach to energy efficiency, resource

conservation, environmental safety and comfortable

conditions of the human environment have come into

force in Russia (Green News, www.radidomapro.ru).

The main elements of the "Green Standards" can be

presented visually in the form of a table.

According to the analysis conducted by the

National Research University Higher School of

Economics, the following areas have become leaders

in the introduction of green economy technologies to

improve environmental and resource efficiency in

2021 (Green technologies in the manufacturing

industry, 2021):

− energy efficiency improvement (16%);

− efficiency of water and raw materials use

(15%);

− reduction of material consumption (14%).

In particular, 13% of enterprises were recorded in

the further use of green technologies to increase the

efficiency of greenhouse gas emissions and

pollutants, and the same proportion of enterprises

planned the introduction of digital technologies to

create clean and safe energy. Further, according to the

outlined industrial development plans in the Russian

Federation, 12% of enterprises focused on

development in the field of expansion of the electric

vehicle fleet and 11% ― on the implementation of the

transition to renewable energy sources using digital

technologies.

Table 1. Green standards from 01.02.2019.

No. Name Sco

1. Green standards.

Green technologies

of the living environment and green

innovative products.

Terms and definitions

This standard establishes the main

terms and their definitions used in

evaluation of products and

technologies supplied to the market for compliance

with the requirements of green standards

2. Green standards.

Green technologies

of the living environment.

Classification

This standard applies to

green technologies of the life environment and

establishes their classification.

3. Green standards.

Green technologies

of the living environment. Classification

criteria

This standard applies to

green technologies of the living environment and

establishes criteria for the attribution of

technologies

of the living environment to green ones.

4. Green standards.

Green technologies

of the living environment. Assessment of

compliance with the requirements of

green standards. General

provisions

This standard establishes the general

provisions for assessing the compliance of green

technologies in the living environment

with the requirements of green standards.

Green Technologies Are the Foundations of the Future

241

In 2020, the leaders in terms of the use of digital

technologies to improve energy efficiency in the

medium and high-tech segment were the automotive

industry (46% of all heads of industry enterprises in

Russia noted this direction of development), the

production of machinery and equipment (39%) and

the production of electrical equipment (33%).

In the low-tech segment, metallurgical production

(37%), coke and petroleum products production

(29%) and clothing production (24%) were the

leaders in this indicator in 2020, while manufacture

of leather and related products (10%), production of

ready-made metal products (10%), furniture

production (7%) lagged behind.

From the point of view of plans for 2022-2023, in

the medium and high-tech segment, manufacture of

basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical

preparations was ahead of the indicator (28%), while

in manufacture of machinery and equipment (9%) and

manufacture of motor vehicles (7%), such plans were

least expressed. In the low-tech segment, the leaders

were manufacture of wearing apparel (43%) and

furniture (33%), while the production of textiles

(7%), coke and petroleum products (3%), leather and

leather products (1%) were lagging behind.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Concluding the study, it is worth emphasizing once

again the impact of public policy on the effectiveness

of the development and implementation of green

economy technologies.

It is worth emphasizing that the delay in activating

state policy in terms of implementing the principles

of the green economy is costly for our planet.

Economists have shown, using both theory and data,

that policy uncertainty makes this type of innovation

less likely (Makarov, 2021; Isachenko, 2015;

Krichevsky, 2019). In this regard, it is worth

emphasizing that investments in R&D are particularly

affected by uncertainty, since the profitability of these

investments is sensitive to what is happening with

politics. The harmful effects of carbon dioxide

concentrations continue, which indicates the need for

early decisions, and at all levels of government,

starting with the legislative branch. It is necessary to

stimulate representatives of science and technology in

every possible way so that the process of transition to

the "greening" of the economy is accelerated. It is also

worth paying close attention to the increase in the

level of education in the field of green economy

technologies, part of the fact that the transition to

green technologies is an objective consequence of the

current situation on the planet. It is necessary to

introduce into the education system at all levels,

starting from school, courses on improving literacy in

the field of green technologies. Under the current

conditions, everyone should know all the threats and

possible disasters in the field of ecology, as well as

ways to solve the consequences that have already

occurred. Although the current conditions of

economic development, the fight against the

consequences of the coronacrisis, the increasing

complexity of the geopolitical situation in the world,

this type of innovation is becoming less likely.

Consequently, the uncertainty of state policy is a

factor hindering the development of science and

technology, and the country's leadership should

immediately raise this issue on the agenda, despite the

fact that in the current troubled time of sanctions and

economic crisis on a global scale, our nature is still on

the verge of an environmental catastrophe and if not

ourselves, then no one else can help it.

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