The Contribution of the Chechen to the Victory Over the Fascist

Germany (1941-1945)

Sapiyat Tsutsulaeva

and Goryaev Mergen

Chechen State University Named After A.A. Kadyrova, Grozny, Russian Federation

Kalmyk State University Named After B. B. Gorodovikova

Keywords: Great Patriotic War, Motherland. Chechen People, Contribution, Courage, Heroism, Victory, Historical Truth.

Abstract: The article discusses some episodes of the labor feat of the Chechen people behind enemy lines during the

great Patriotic war of 1941-1945. The relevance of the research topic is revealed. It is postulated that in those

terrible years of the 40s, side by side, selflessly fighting a merciless enemy, helping each other, the peoples

of Russia became even stronger in their friendship, showed unprecedented spiritual and political unity,

internationalism and patriotism. The example of Chechnya shows the inviolability of these values, not subject

to any negative manifestations and actions of destructive forces. The need for more active use of monuments

and memorable places of Chechnya associated with the events of 1941-1945 in the process of educating the

younger generation in schools and universities of the Chechen Republic is emphasized. A lot of documented

examples show that in Chechnya in 1941-1944 there was the same attitude to victory over the aggressor,

supported by practical actions, which was observed everywhere in the country. The patriotism of the Chechen

people, shown in the rear on the labor front, its assistance to the warring red Army and the population that

experienced the tragedy of the occupation, fit seamlessly into the similar practice of other fraternal Soviet

peoples. The clearest example of this is the thousands of Chechen soldiers, officers and soldiers of the Red

Army who gave their lives for the good of the Motherland. They died for their Fatherland, asking nothing in

return, not even the awards that they deserved for their heroism.

1 INTRODUCTION

The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 has long died

down, when, at the cost of the lives of millions of

citizens of the country, it was possible to defeat the

Nazi invaders. Time is moving us farther and farther

away from the formidable years of the most cruel and

merciless war. But the names of the defenders of the

Fatherland who defended the independence of our

country will not disappear from human memory.

Over time, there is an urgent need to return to them,

because new generations of people come into life who

want to know about the unparalleled courage of their

grandfathers and fathers. After all, the Great Patriotic

War touched every family, was a huge test for the

state, for all the peoples of the USSR.

On February 23, 1944, all Chechens and Ingush

were deported to Kazakhstan and Central Asia. A

little earlier and a little later, the same fate befell the

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Kalmyks, Balkars, Karachais, Crimean Tatars,

Meskhetian Turks, and others. Stalin's repressions

against entire peoples were and remain one of the

most heinous crimes of the Stalinist regime.

Significant forces and means were involved in the

forced eviction of these peoples. At the beginning of

1944, Stalin could afford this: the turning point in the

war had already become indisputable, most of the

country's territory, previously occupied by the Nazis,

had already been liberated. However, the war still

continued, the European part of the USSR lay in

ruins, the enemy put up fierce resistance. These forces

and means, diverted for the deportation of entire

peoples, were extremely necessary for the prompt

solution of the tasks of offensive operations.

The inhuman cruelty shown during the

deportation (suffice it to recall the high-mountainous

Khaibach, where over seven hundred people were

burned alive) by the “Stalin-Beria falcons” generally

140

Tsutsulaeva, S. and Mergen, G.

The Contribution of the Chechen to the Victory Over the Fascist Germany (1941-1945).

DOI: 10.5220/0011608600003577

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Actual Issues of Linguistics, Linguodidactics and Intercultural Communication (TLLIC 2022), pages 140-147

ISBN: 978-989-758-655-2

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

goes beyond the limits of the human mind (The

peoples of the Caucasus in the Great Patriotic War

1941-1945, 2005). However, the Chechens, like other

repressed people, showed courage, heroism,

steadfastness on the battlefields in the name of

liberating the country from the Nazi invaders.

In different parts of the war, the enemies of the

Fatherland were destroyed by people from Checheno-

Ingushetia. Their courage and courage were noted by

the commanders. Irbaikhan Adelkhanovich

Beibulatov, a former teacher from the village of

Osman-Yurt, fearlessly led his soldiers to storm

enemy positions in the battles for the city of

Melitopol. The battalion under his command

destroyed 7 tanks and more than 1000 Nazis. On

November 1, 1943, I.A. Beibulatov was awarded the

title of Hero of the Soviet Union (Yaroslavsky, 1941).

Dozens and hundreds of fighters from Checheno-

Ingushetia became famous in the battles for Moscow,

in the battle for Stalingrad. One of the first heroes of

the Soviet Union during the war was the Chechen

Khanpasha Nuradilov. The newspaper of the

Southwestern Front wrote about him in 1942: “The

immortal hero of the Caucasus, machine gunner

Khanpasha Nuradilov. He killed 920 fascists.

Warrior-bogatyr, warrior-eagle... Coming to the front

from Checheno-Ingushetia, Khanpasha Nuradilov

embodied the best features of the valiant Chechen

people - his heroism, eagle prowess and courage,

courage and valor. The epic exploits of the Caucasian

knights were followed by the glorious warrior

Nuradilov…” (Tsutsulaeva, 2020). Khanpasha

Nuradilov died near Stalingrad, and his family was

deported to Kazakhstan.

By 1944, tens of thousands of Chechens fought on

the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. What must they

have felt when they learned that their families, their

people were deported to Central Asia? However,

there is not a single case where at least one Chechen

went over to the side of the enemy after that.

Moreover, when, by order of Stalin, Chechens began

to be expelled from the front, for being Chechens,

many began to be called Georgians, Ossetians, in

order to stay at the front. And their commanders hid

that representatives of the deported peoples were

fighting against the Germans in their units.

One of the bottom was a lieutenant colonel,

former commander of the 255th Chechen-Ingush

cavalry regiment, who ended his military career as the

commander of the 28th Guards Cavalry Regiment on

the Elba River - Movlid Aliroevich Visaitov

(Ibragimov, 2015; History of World War II 1939 -

1945 in 12 volumes, 1973-1982). General P.P. Brikel

wrote about him: “I have known Visaitov since the

thirty-eighth year, when he arrived from Tulchin on

June 22, 1941. Together we participated in the first

battle with the Nazis on the western border of Ravva-

Russkaya. He then commanded the second squadron

and from the first day showed himself to be a brave

and intelligent officer. There was some kind of

inspiring force in him, which had a decisive influence

on the soldiers and officers in battle” (Ibragimov,

2007).

Movladi Visaitov himself in his book writes

mainly about those who went through the military

path next to him and under his command. These were

career officers who had experience in army service,

skills in educating soldiers, trained militarily and

politically and participated in battles from the first

day of the war. Among them, he noted: Major

Abadiev Japanese, captain of the tank troops Matash

Mazaev, senior political instructor Dzhabrail

Kortoev, captains Akhtaev Abdulla, Magometov

Tuta, Sakka Visaitov, Alkhanov and many others

(Ibragimov, 2015).

Personal courage and heroism of M. Visaitov

were highly valued by his direct commanders. Major

General P.P. Brikel, Hero of the Soviet Union,

commander of the division, which included the

regiment of Movlid Visaitov, wrote: “... from the very

first day he showed himself to be a brave and

intelligent officer ... Personally, I am pleased not only

with M. Visaitov, but with all the soldiers from

Checheno-Ingushetia. I saw them fight.”

2 RESEARCH METHODS

On May 2, 1945, the cavalry regiment of Movlid

Aleroevich was the first of the Soviet troops to reach

the Elbe River. On the same day, at 10 o'clock in the

morning, Visaitov, together with the division

commander, General P.P. Brikel met with the

command of the allied American troops. Among them

were the commander of the 84th Infantry Division,

Major General Bowling and the chief of staff of the

corps, Colonel Truman, cousin of US President Harry

Truman (Ibragimov, 2007).

Movlid Visaitov was the first Soviet officer to

shake hands with General Bowling, the commander

of the forward American units. On May 5, during a

meeting on the Elbe, General Bowling awarded M.

Visaitov, commander of the 28th Guards Cavalry

Regiment, with the highest order of the US armed

forces, the Legion of Honor (Ibragimov, 2007). In the

United States, the holder of this award enjoys high

honors. When he appears with this order on his chest,

The Contribution of the Chechen to the Victory Over the Fascist Germany (1941-1945)

141

all those present, including the President of the United

States, greet the hero while standing.

During the years of World War II, this American

order was awarded, including representatives of all

countries of the coalition, in total 432 people.

M. Visaitov's award list also includes other state

awards: the Order of the Red Banner of War, the

Order of Suvorov 3rd degree, the Order of the Red

Star; medals: “For Military Merit”, “For the Defense

of Stalingrad”, “For the Victory over Germany”

(Ibragimov, 2015; History of World War II 1939 -

1945 in 12 volumes, 1973-1982).

Sakka Visaitov is one of the Chechen warriors,

who was bypassed by well-deserved fame. He was at

the front from the first to the last days of the war. The

brave and courageous cavalryman devoted almost 20

years to serving the Motherland. With the rank of

major, he entered the war in the battles near Minsk

and finished it in the same rank in the city of Port

Arthur, in the Far East, five years later.

From the first days of the war, when the Red

Army, fiercely resisting, suffered heavy losses,

Visaitov showed himself to be an experienced and

cold-blooded commander. A special detachment of

Sakka Visaitov and cadets of the Borisov Tank

School held back the enemy for three days, allowing

the evacuation of state valuables, the civilian

population and ensured the withdrawal of our troops

from Latvia and Lithuania. For this feat he was

awarded the Order of the Red Star. Then, as the

commander of a motorized rifle machine-gun

battalion, as part of the 24th Siberian Army, in

September and October 1941, Sakka participated in

the battles for the cities of Yelnya and Smolensk

(Ibragimov, 2015). The commander of the 4th Kuban

Cavalry Corps, Lieutenant General Kirichenko,

described his exploits in Major Sakka Visaitov's

award list: “He is an active participant in the Patriotic

War; participated in the battles near Minsk,

Smolensk, Yelnya and other points and cities; has 5

wounds - bullet and shrapnel; near Yelnya, he made a

very successful reconnaissance about the enemy, and

thanks to this, the task set by the unit was successfully

completed ... “. (The peoples of the Caucasus in the

Great Patriotic War 1941-1945, 2005)

On November 8, 1941, after intensified bombing

and artillery shelling in the area of Yasnaya Polyana,

the enemy launched an offensive against Sakka

Visaitov's battalion with 24 tanks and an infantry

battalion. As a result of a two-hour battle, 7 German

tanks were knocked out, up to 70 German soldiers and

officers were destroyed, and the attack was repelled.

In this battle, Visaitov, being in the trenches with his

subordinates, repelled German attacks and was

seriously wounded by a heavy machine gun. After 3

months, after the cure, Sakka Visaitov returned to

duty (The peoples of the Caucasus in the Great

Patriotic War 1941-1945, 2005).

In 1942, when the threat of capturing the city of

Grozny arose, the command of the Western Front sent

Visaitov to the Caucasus. He is appointed commander

of a separate cavalry division, numbering 1800

volunteers. The division makes a raid on the rear of

the enemy, inflicting heavy losses on them over a 250

km section. Sakka Visaitov in his memoirs describes

these battles as follows: “The division, fighting with

small mechanized and cavalry patrols of the enemy,

in the absence of roads, along sandy breakers, steppes

of the waterless steppe, leaving all the rear units on

the way, by the dawn of September 22, 1942 came out

to the area of the settlements of Nariman-Aul,

Terekli-Mekteb, Sulu-Aul and took up defensive

positions along the western outskirts of these

settlements, sending a number of sidings towards

Achikulak, Mahmud-Mekteb and further to the west.

A march maneuver carried out by a separate

Chechen-Ingush cavalry division from September 20

to 22, 1942, in constant contact with enemy

reconnaissance units, under the constant influence of

his aviation, in the absence of water, roads,

settlements, along the salt marsh steppe, sandy

breakers, is proof of the endurance, readiness,

courage and heroism of Soviet soldiers and officers.

A separate Chechen-Ingush cavalry division from

September 22 to October 7, 1942 carried out the order

of the commander of the Northern Group of the

Transcaucasian Front” (The peoples of the Caucasus

in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945, 2005; The

sound of a few bombs exploding is all that is required

to return our Boloto to the side of the Germans, 1941)

Sakka Visaitov is awarded the medals “For

Courage”, “For the Defense of the Caucasus”, “For

the Defense of Moscow”, but the title remains the

same - major. After the Germans were ousted from

the Caucasus, Visaitov was sent to a one-year course

at the Academy. Frunze (J NA IRI RAN f. 2, VI, op.

3, d. 1, l. 5). Upon graduation, in September 1944, he

was appointed senior assistant to the chief of the

operational department of the headquarters of the

First Guards Cavalry Mechanized Group of the 2nd

Ukrainian Front, where he fought from the autumn of

1944 until the end of the war with Germany as deputy

commander of a cavalry regiment and senior assistant

to the chief of operational department of the

headquarters of the First Guards Cavalry Mechanized

Group.

From September 20 to December 9, 1944 Sakka

Visaitov participated in the battles to liberate cities in

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the Budapest direction. From February to March

1945, he took part in the battles for the capture of the

cities of Nitra, Glanta and the crossing of the Vah and

Morava rivers. For distinction in battles during the

capture of the city of Bratislava, Sakka was awarded

the Order of the Patriotic War 1st class. An excerpt

from that award list: “During the entire operation,

from March 26 to May 7, 1945, Comrade Visaitov

was in the operational group of the commander of the

1st Guards. KMG, following the instructions of the

commander, comrade. Visaitov did not take into

account either the time or the situation, boldly,

selflessly, risking his life, carried out the orders given

to him, being all the time directly in the combat

formations of the Group's units. Tov. Visaitov, by his

personal example, carried away the fighters and

officers to complete the task. Tirelessly monitoring

the implementation of orders given, controlling the

implementation of the latter directly in combat

formations. Also tov. Visaitov showed exceptional

perseverance in forcing the troops of the Vah and

Morava rivers, from the beginning to the end he was

at the crossing under the influence of artillery fire and

enemy aircraft. (The sound of a few bombs exploding

is all that is required to return our Boloto to the side

of the Germans, 1941)

From April 26 to May 9, 1945 S. Visaitov takes

part in the Prague operation. In heavy battles, where

street battles were fought only with the use of small

arms, without artillery and aviation cover. The Soviet

command decided to save the city from destruction,

but this operation claimed the lives of a huge number

of Soviet soldiers, among whom were Chechen

soldiers.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, Sakka

Visaitov, as one of the best officers, was selected to

the combined regiment to participate in the historic

Victory Parade. The parade of the Red Army troops,

in honor of the victory of the USSR over Germany in

the Great Patriotic War, was held on Red Square in

Moscow on June 24, 1945. The event was hosted by

Marshal Georgy Zhukov, commanded by Marshal

Konstantin Rokossovsky. Cavalryman Sakka

Visaitov and scout Shamsudin Zakriev were the only

Chechens who participated in that significant parade

(The sound of a few bombs exploding is all that is

required to return our Boloto to the side of the

Germans, 1941)

After the end of the parade, Visaitov was urgently

transferred to the city of Ulaanbaatar, at the disposal

of the commander of the troops of the Trans-Baikal

Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union R.Ya.

Malinovsky. From August 9, until the end of the war

with Japan, he was in the group of troops of the

Mongolian People's Republic as commander of a

cavalry regiment and senior assistant to the head of

the group of troops of the Mongolian People's

Republic.

For distinction in the battles during the capture of

the city of Zhehe and the high military and military

skills shown at the same time, Marshal of the

Mongolian People's Republic Choibalsan introduced

Visaitov to the title of Hero of Mongolia. However,

Marshal Rokossovsky, who himself experienced the

“charms” of repression, wrote a refusal and Major

Visaitov, the son of the deported people, was awarded

the Order of the Red Banner of Mongolia (The sound

of a few bombs exploding is all that is required to

return our Boloto to the side of the Germans, 1941).

General I. Pliev and Marshal R.Ya. Malinovsky

Visaitov was repeatedly presented with the title of

Hero of the Soviet Union, but each time this high

award was replaced by various orders. Having passed

through so many military roads and liberated many

cities and countries, led dozens of successful military

operations, Guards Major Sakka Visaitov was never

promoted.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

As the fascists seized the western regions of Russia,

the main focus in the production of military

equipment, equipment and shells by the Center was

placed on the southern regions of the country, and in

particular on the Chechen ASSR. The local food,

light, oil refining, chemical, machine-building and

other industries began to adapt to the needs of the

front. Particularly high was the need for military

equipment in fuels and lubricants of high quality. But,

along with this, the Red Army had many other needs.

For example, on February 25, 1943, a letter from the

Commander of the North Caucasian Front, Colonel

General I.I. Maslennikov with a request to make a

wagon-printing house for the front (Tsutsulaeva,

2020). This request, like many other requests of the

Red Army, was fulfilled in the shortest possible time.

Employees of the cultural institutions of the Chechen-

Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

assisted the front by going to the front line and

organizing military performances and concerts. Thus,

according to the Decree of the Presidium of the

Supreme Council of the Chechen-Ingush

Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic dated June 30,

1943, for the exemplary artistic service of the Red

Army units during the Second World War, the

following artists were awarded certificates of honor

with concerts and performances: Tamara Shaipovna

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143

Aliyeva; Dokashev Vakha Matishevich; Magomadov

Movlu Bachievich; Sadykov Andarbek; Tsemieva

Khulimat Shamilevna; as well as deputy Director of

the Chechen-Ingush Drama Theater Ibragimov Baklu

Ibragimovich and Head of the Department of Arts

under the Council of People's Commissars of the

Chechen-Ingush Republic Tataev Vakha

(Tsutsulaeva, 2020). Behind the mean words of

encouragement, there is the courage and bravery of

Chechen artists, who, not fearing death under the

bombing and the whistle of shells, traveled almost to

the lines of deployment of enemy troops and instilled

in the soldiers of the Red Army the joy of the future

Victory, thereby inspiring them to the next feats. And

it cost a lot. Everywhere in the CHIASSR, on the

walls of enterprises, at the entrances to settlements, at

the entrances to shops and markets, posters were

posted with the call: "Everything for the front,

everything for the Victory!" Victory over the enemy

was the only and main dream of the Chechen people,

who, for its approach, spared neither their lives, nor

strength, nor time. During the Great Patriotic War, the

collection of money for the front, gifts for the

wounded at the fronts, their families, the multiple

overfulfillment of production standards for output

and other assistance measures were common

everyday things for the inhabitants of Chechnya. For

example, the Vedeno district of Chechnya “during

eight months of 1942 sent to the fund for the victims

of the fascist occupation (Kharkov, Donbass, Orel,

etc.) about 25 tons of meat, 411 kg of butter, 7232 kg

of potatoes, more than 32 tons of corn, 3112 kg of

fruit, 7 horses, 3013 warm clothes and linen, 1119 kg

of wool, 154 cloaks and about one million money.

The same contribution was made by other regions of

the republic” (Ibragimov, 2007). The working people

of Checheno-Ingushetia during the war years worked

with great dedication of their forces and high labor

enthusiasm. In pursuance of the Decree of the State

Defense Committee of the USSR of April 20, 1943,

the staff of the Grozneftekombinat enterprise was

obliged to increase the average daily oil production

from 863 to 3000 tons. Despite the complexity of this

responsible government task, Grozneftekombinat

fulfilled it with honor (Bokov, 1992). The facts of the

help of the Chechen people to the front can be listed

and listed. Such a single impulse of the whole people

cannot be explained otherwise than by a deeply

conscious love for their Motherland, whose name is

Russia. In this regard, it is difficult to agree with the

opinion of a number of Western military critics who,

wishing to take wishful thinking, given the tough

opposition of the Chechens in the past to Tsarist

Russia, write approximately and in the same way:

“During the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet

communist government deported the entire Chechen

population to Central Asia out of fear that it is going

to help the invading Germans" (The peoples of the

Caucasus in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945,

2005). Firstly, fascist Germany long before February

23, 1944, i.e. before the deportation, it had already

invaded the CHIASSR along the line "Mozdok -

Malgobek - the village of Ishcherskaya CHIASSR"

and did not feel any support from the Chechens,

except for tough military resistance. Secondly,

betrayal in its mass manifestation, which is

characteristic of some peoples, is not genetically

characteristic of the Chechen people. Thirdly, the

Chechen people after the October Revolution of 1917

already once and forever made their choice to be in a

single family of fraternal Russian peoples and, based

on the mistakes of the past, categorically declared that

they would join no other country, be it Turkey or Iran,

or another country is not going to. Fourthly, in the

Second World War, the Chechen people did not

defend someone else's, like the tsarist, but their own,

suffered in a fierce struggle against the counter-

revolutionary Soviet power, - that is, the power of all

the poorest strata of the population, the power that

returned to them those who had been forcibly taken

away from them by tsarism and the fertile flat lands

transferred to the Cossacks and Chechen tsarist

officers, the power that established equality, freedom

and brotherhood of all peoples living in the country

and brightly lit up the wide road to a bright future.

Politically matured during the last two wars

(1994-2000), the Chechen people no longer take

seriously such propaganda attacks of Western

"virtues" and march firmly into peaceful life in

friendship with other peoples of Russia. With the

beginning of the war, the industry of the Chechen

ASSR was transferred to the production of military

products. 18 Grozny enterprises produced mortars of

various modifications. Employees of the Grozny

Research Institute (GrozNII) have launched the

production of a combustible mixture to fight tanks. At

the Krasny Molot plant, tanks, armored trains, and

other military equipment were repaired using

equipment that had not yet been evacuated (History

of World War II 1939 - 1945 in 12 volumes, 1973-

1982). By the end of 1941, the enterprises of the

republic produced 90 types of military products.

Garment factories sewed clothes for soldiers and

officers. Canning factories increased the production

of canned vegetables and food concentrates for the

Red Army (The peoples of the Caucasus in the Great

Patriotic War 1941-1945, 2005). Grozny took second

place in the country in oil production after Baku,

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almost equal in oil refining and first in the production

of aviation gasoline. In 1941, 31 million tons of oil

were produced in the USSR, 23 of them in

Azerbaijan, 4 million tons in Checheno-Ingushetia,

and the rest in small deposits of the USSR. Grozny

processed not only oil produced in the republic, but

also supplied from other regions, including Baku. At

the same time, imported oil was processed into A-76

gasoline for vehicles, and only oil produced in the

republic was used to produce aviation gasoline.

Almost all fighter aircraft of the USSR used Grozny

aviation gasoline (The sound of a few bombs

exploding is all that is required to return our Boloto

to the side of the Germans, 1941). Almost every

inhabitant of Chechnya considered it his duty to help

the front with money. The military archive does not

contain information about the consolidated monetary

contribution of all Chechens, there are only separate

isolated episodes. But even this is enough to assess

the scale of Chechens' monetary assistance to the

front. So, by mid-January 1942. Checheno-Ingushetia

contributed 5 million 135 thousand rubles to the

defense fund. In December 1942 at the initiative of

the Komsomol Gatyn-Kale in Chechnya began

collecting for the construction of an armored train

named after the famous fighter for Soviet power

Aslanbek Sheripov. 15 million rubles were collected.

On this occasion, in January 1943. I. Stalin personally

sent a telegram to the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous

Soviet Socialist Republic, in which he conveyed

“fraternal greetings and gratitude to the Army” to the

working people of the republic (The peoples of the

Caucasus in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945,

2005). Workers of the Grozny Theater of Russian

Drama. M.Yu. Lermontov collected 102,000 rubles

for the construction of the Soviet Artist squadron. In

response to this, a telegram was sent from Stalin to

the director of this theater, I.N. Irzhansky with the

words: "My fraternal greetings and gratitude to the

Red Army" (Tsutsulaeva, 2020). Thus, the facts of the

help of the population of Chechnya to the front, which

can be enumerated and enumerated, leave no doubt

that in Chechnya there was the same spirit, backed up

by practical deeds, to defeat the aggressor, which was

observed throughout the country. The patriotism of

the Chechen people, shown by them in the rear on the

labor front, their help to the warring Red Army and

the population that experienced the tragedy of the

occupation, organically fit into the similar practice of

other fraternal Soviet peoples.

Despite the devastation of the two terrible wars of

1994-2000. monuments of the period of the Great

Patriotic War have been preserved in the Chechen

Republic. Unfortunately, few of those who know

about them, few of those who visit them, let alone

care for them. During the Soviet Union, Komsomol

members and pioneers carefully protected them. Our

remarkable compatriot, Nikolai Grigoryevich

Shcherbakov, having traveled all the settlements of

Chechnya and Ingushetia, identified and

photographed them, and in 1966 published the book

“Monuments and Memorable Places of Checheno-

Ingushetia (1941-1945) (Abazatov, 1973). As noted

above, the Chechen people, along with other peoples

of the USSR, made a huge contribution to the victory

over the Nazis. This assistance was expressed not

only in providing the front with manpower - army

men, but also in the supply of much-needed military

equipment, fuels and lubricants, shells, army

equipment, clothing, food, as well as in the

construction of fortifications and other defensive

structures, etc. As rightly noted by Kh.A. Gakaev:

“Throughout the war, the republic was an organic part

of the front, and its workers were one of the combat

and labor detachments of the defenders of our

Motherland. ... The party and Soviet bodies of the

Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist

Republic (ChIASSR) managed from the first days of

the war to mobilize workers, collective farmers,

engineering and technical workers for the rapid

restructuring of industry, transport, agriculture and

the entire socio-political life to the conditions of

military requirements "(Yaroslavsky, 1941). The

protocol of the Chechen-Ingush Regional Committee

of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks

dated June 23, 1941 at 4 am recorded: “The Bureau

notes that the news of the unprecedented predatory

attack of fascist Germany on the Soviet Union caused

violent indignation among the working people of

Chechen-Ingushetia against the presumptuous fascist

barbarians. Workers, engineers, technicians,

employees and collective farmers, united in a

patriotic upsurge, declare their unshakable

determination to give all their strength, all their

energy, not sparing themselves for the victory over

the enemy” (Tsutsulaeva, 2020). In July 1941, a

meeting of the Regional Committee of the Trade

Union of Oil Industry Workers of the Chechen-

Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was

held. Dozens of oil workers spoke at the rallies. Many

comrades declared their desire to immediately

voluntarily go to the ranks of the Red Army;

housewives declared their readiness to replace those

leaving for the Red Army and devote all their strength

to strengthening the country's defense capability. ...

The patriotic upsurge found its vivid expression in

selfless work in production, in the struggle to

overfulfill production plans. … Many workers

The Contribution of the Chechen to the Victory Over the Fascist Germany (1941-1945)

145

returned from vacations ahead of schedule and started

to work…” (Tsutsulaeva, 2020). During the

beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the population

of the CHIASSR not only supported the diverse labor

initiatives of production teams of other subjects of the

USSR (Stakhanovists, two hundred, five hundred,

etc.), but also initiated their own initiative, which

ensured a significant increase in labor productivity,

and therefore, became widespread throughout

throughout the USSR (the movement of multi-

machine workers, high-speed workers, etc.). Stalin

personally thanked them in his telegram for the

tremendous assistance that the Grozny oil workers

provided to the front in supplying the fuel they needed

to aviation and tanks. The many-sided help of the

workers of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet

Socialist Republic was often noted in front-line

newspapers. The front-line soldiers from the

CHIASSR were very proud of this, which doubled

their energy in the fight against the Nazis. Today,

unfortunately, there are no accurate statistics on the

number of participants in the Great Patriotic War

from the Chechen-Ingush ASSR. According to

various sources, their number ranges from 40 to 50

thousand, which was relatively too much for the

sparsely populated Checheno-Ingushetia. However, it

is known for sure that in 1942-1943. 1,476 workers

and more than 10,000 Komsomol members, including

2,000 girls, were mobilized to the front from among

the leading party and Soviet workers alone (for the

entire period of the Second World War, more than

18,000 Komsomol members, members of the

Komsomol, were mobilized to the front). This

severely exposed the ranks of the party members and

the Komsomol, and the bodies of the CPSU and the

Komsomol organization faced the big problem of

replenishing the loss of the party and the Komsomol

with new worthy members. Thanks to this titanic

work of party organizations during the Great Patriotic

War, more than 4,000 communists were nominated to

leadership positions, including. 1518 women. Up to

60% of the labor collectives of industrial enterprises

of the Chechen Republic of Ingushetia were members

of the Komsomol. Working highly productively in

two or three shifts, they did everything for the

uninterrupted fulfillment of front-line orders, the

number of which grew day by day. In the

memorandum of the referent to the Presidium of the

Supreme Council of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR dated

September 20, 1943, it was noted: “The Komsomol

has done a huge organizational and mass work. In the

Staro-Yurtovsky district, the Komsomol helped to

equip and open 2 reading rooms, in the Sunzhensky

region there were 6 of them, now there are 11. ...

Komsomol members of the village of

Petropavlovskaya, Grozny region, made the reading

room the center of cultural and educational work”

(The sound of a few bombs exploding is all that is

required to return our Boloto to the side of the

Germans, 1941).

4 CONCLUSIONS

The heroic feat of thousands of Chechen soldiers,

workers of industrial enterprises, workers of state and

collective farms, intellectuals, students and

schoolchildren, pensioners who made their feasible

contribution to the approaching victory over fascism

in 1945 will live in the memory of the Chechen people

for centuries. Eternal Glory to Them, selflessly

fighting for the freedom, honor and independence of

the Russian Federation! Dala Gyach Doyle Zarna!

Their heroic feat will not fade for centuries! The

Russians, with the help of some other peoples, not

only averted the threat of an insidious enemy, this

fascist plague, from themselves, but also saved all of

humanity from it. In those formidable years of the

1940s, selflessly fighting side by side with a merciless

enemy, helping each other, the peoples of Russia

grew immensely stronger in their friendship, showed

a spiritual and political unity unprecedented in

history, which did not fail in the future. No events of

hard times could break this cohesion and community.

For example, some Western, and even Russian,

politicians predicted that after the two Russian-

Chechen wars of the 1990s, a wedge of hatred would

forever be driven into the friendship between the

Russian and Chechen peoples. Today, they gloatingly

predict the same about the future Russian-Ukrainian

relations of the 2010s, which were initially negatively

formed due to the fault of the Western countries. With

regard to Russian-Chechen relations, this did not

happen, largely due to the strong friendship that was

founded by our fathers during the Great Patriotic War.

The Chechen and Russian peoples do not blame each

other for the last two Russian-Chechen wars, but the

short-sightedness of some Russian and Chechen

politicians in the early 1990s. The Chechen people,

who endured the terrible horrors of these two

monstrous wars and did not lose heart, did not drop

the high honor of friendship with the Russians and

other peoples of Russia, did everything to preserve

the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Russia, and,

in a tough confrontation with world extremism,

rightfully earned the glory of the heroic people, the

people - the savior of the Russian Federation.

TLLIC 2022 - I INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE "ACTUAL ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS, LINGUODIDACTICS AND

INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION"

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REFERENCES

Abazatov, M. A., 1973. Chechen-Ingush ASSR in the Great

Patriotic War of the Soviet Union.

Bokov, H. H., 1992. Road of sorrow and courage: On the

deportation of the peoples of the North Caucasus in

1944. p. 26.

Tsutsulaeva, S. S., 2020. Chechen warriors at the final

stage of the Great Patriotic War. 2 (46), pp. 57-62.

Ibragimov, M. M., Khatuev, I. Z., 2007. The truth about the

participation of the peoples of the Chechen Republic in

the Great Patriotic War.

Ibragimov, M. M., Khatuev, I. Z., 2015. Feat for the

Motherland (The contribution of the Chechen people to

the victory over fascism during the Great Patriotic War

of 1941-1945.

History of World War II 1939 - 1945 in 12 volumes. 1973-

1982.

The peoples of the Caucasus in the Great Patriotic War

1941-1945. 2005. p. 3.

The sound of a few bombs exploding is all that is required

to return our Boloto to the side of the Germans. 1941.

748.

J NA IRI RAN f. 2, VI, op. 3, d. 1, l. 5. Transcript of a

conversation with collective farmers from Tula oblast

dated 23 December 1941.

Yaroslavsky, E., 1941. The Great Patriotic War of the

Soviet people. Pravda. 2.

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