Factors Associated with Breast Self-Examination (BSE) in Class X

and XI Students at SMA Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta in 2022

Nabila Dian Safitri, Ony Linda and Prihayati

Public Health Study Program, Faculty of Health Sciences University Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. HAMKA, Indonesia

Keywords: Realize, Breast, Adolescent.

Abstract: An efficient and straightforward breast self-examination (BSE) is one method for detecting breast cancer

early. The high incidence of breast cancer is a result of public awareness, fear of surgery, laziness and

embarrassment at showing breasts, and a lack of education about early detection and treatment. This research

aimed to identify the parameters associated with breast self-examination (BSE) among students in classes X

and XI at SMA Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta. The research was conducted between December 2021 and August

2022. Quantitative research using a cross-sectional study design was used. This research consisted of 163

students in classes X and XI at SMA Cenderawasih 1 in Jakarta. The method of data collection used an online

questionnaire distribution with proportionate random sampling. Utilizing the chi-square test, univariate and

bivariate analyses are conducted. The univariate findings indicated that breast self-examination (BSE) was

inadequate (90.2%), that information was inadequate (56.4%), that attitudes were negative (72.4%), and that

parental support was unfavorable (64.4%). The bivariate analysis revealed a correlation between attitude

(0.002) and parental support with breast self-examination (0.000), but not between knowledge and breast self-

examination (0.179). Students may raise their understanding of BSE in order to do breast self-examinations

accurately and routinely.

INTRODUCTION

The Indonesian Ministry of Health has established a

breast cancer early detection program that attempts to

identify the presence or absence of breast cancer using

breast self-examinations, often known as

mammograms (BSE). Self-examination of the breast

enables women to more successfully avoid breast

cancer. Pulungan & Hardy (2020)

Medicinal A BSE may be used to detect an

atypical lump without the assistance of a medical

professional. The American Cancer Society in the

breast cancer screening project even though there are

no complaints, it is still recommended to do BSE. 25-

30% of mortality may be cut by early identification.

Wahyuni et al. (2020)

Nearly 85% of breast lumps are discovered by the

patient herself. Therefore breast self-examination

(BSE) is recommended for every woman because it

is a very important procedure. Doing BSE is easy to

do by yourself and at no cost. Widyaningsih (2019).

Women after the age of 20 years and menstruating

can do BSE every month before or after menstruation

or menstruation. Utilizing the BSE method to identify

breast cancer in its earliest stages is simple and free

of charge. By doing BSE examinations can reduce

deaths caused by breast cancer. Sinaga & Ardayani

(2016)

Based on a report from the DKI Jakarta Provincial

Health Office in 2015-2016, the scope of clinical

breast examinations carried out by experienced health

workers starts from patients who carry out breast self-

examinations to find out whether there is a lump or

other abnormality. In Central Jakarta, there are as

many as 6,524 people (4%) while in North Jakarta,

there are as many as 2,539 people (0.9%), West

Jakarta as many as 7,422 people (1.8%), South Jakarta

as many as 12,510 people (3.5%). Ministry of health

(2016).

METHOD

The research was conducted between December 2021

and August 2022. It was quantitative research using a

cross-sectional study design that was conducted. The

Saﬁtri, N., Linda, O. and Prihayati, .

Factors Associated with Breast Self-Examination (BSE) in Class X and XI Students at SMA Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta in 2022.

DOI: 10.5220/0011662800003608

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Social Determinants of Health (ICSDH 2022), pages 20-22

ISBN: 978-989-758-621-7; ISSN: 2975-8297

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

population of this research consisted of students in

classes X and XI at SMA Cenderawasih 1 in Jakarta,

with a sample size of 163 individuals. The method of

data collecting included proportionate random

sampling. Online distribution of a Google form

questionnaire was used to gather data. Univariate and

bivariate analysis using the chi-square test are used.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Based on the research title that has been determined,

the researcher explains the correlation between the

independent variable (independent) and the dependent

variable (dependent). The variables studied included

knowledge, attitudes and family support.

Table 1: Rekapitulasion Results Univariate results showed

that breast self-examination (BSE) at SMA Cenderawasih

1 Jakarta in 2022.

Variable Category

Breast self- examination

behavior

Do not do 147 90,2

Do 16 9,8

Knowledge

Not Good 92 56,4

Good 71 43,6

Attitude

Negative 118 72,4

Positif 45 27,6

Parental Support

Not Support 105 64,4

Support 58 35,6

According to study done at Cenderawasih 1 High

School in Jakarta in 2022, the percentage of class X

and XI students who practice BSE is 90.2% higher

than the percentage of respondents who are proficient

at doing BSE. BSE (9.8%). This study is consistent

with Yunanda (2019) The study was carried out at

SMA Negeri 4 Langsa City. In 2019, 52 students from

class XI at SMA Negeri 4 Langsa City comprised the

study's population. According to the findings of this

survey, 15 students (28.8%) out of 52 respondents

participated in BSE, whereas 37 students (71.2%) did

not.

Based on the data collected at SMA

Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta, the univariate analysis

reveals that there are more respondents with weak

knowledge (92 people, 56.4%) than respondents with

excellent knowledge (71 people, 43.6%). The

bivariate analysis using the chi-square test revealed

no correlation between knowledge and BSE-related

behavior (0.179). This study is consistent with

Nurhanifah Siregar's research from 2018, which was

done at SMA Negeri 3 Padangsidimpuan City. This

study's sample consisted of 45 pupils. The findings of

the chi-square test yielded a P value of 0.826, which

is more than 0.05, indicating that there is no

correlation between knowledge and BSE-related

behavior.

According to the data obtained at SMA

Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta, the univariate analysis

revealed that the number of respondents with a

negative attitude was 118 (72.4%) more than the

number of respondents with a good attitude, which

was 45 (27.6%). According to the bivariate analysis

and chi-square test findings, there is a correlation

between attitude and conduct (0.002). This conforms

to Angrainy (2017). According to the findings of a

study done at SMK N 1 Teluk Kuantan, there was a

correlation between attitude and BSE implementation

for as many as 31 respondents (62%). The chi-square

test yielded a p-value of 0.001 (0.001<0.05) This

indicates a link between attitudes and the

implementation of BSE.

On the basis of the findings obtained at SMA

Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta, the univariate analysis

revealed that respondents who did not get parental

help numbered 105 (64.4%) more than respondents

who did receive parental support, who numbered 58

(35.6%). The bivariate analysis using the chi-square

test revealed a correlation between parental support

and BSE-related behavior (0.000). This is in line with

Wahyuni et al (2020). The population in this study

were 108 people aged 15-21 years. Statistically, there

is a significant association between family support

and the practice of breast self-examination (BSE)

among teenage females in Palangka Raya City, as

shown by a p value of 0.001 from the chi-square test.

4 CONCLUSION

For students, it can increase awareness about BSE so

that they can practice breast self-examination

correctly and regularly every month so that they can

detect early if there are breast abnormalities.

For parents, they can take the time to communicate

between parents and children as a form of attention

and provide education to students on breast self-

examination and pay attention to reproductive health

problems for their teenage daughters so that students

can understand BSE.

Factors Associated with Breast Self-Examination (BSE) in Class X and XI Students at SMA Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta in 2022

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thank you to SMA Cenderawasih 1 Jakarta for

supporting data collection to complete the thesis, as

well as lecturers and staff at the University of

Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka for help and

support for this thesis.

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