Assessment of Occupational Safety and Health Risk (K3) Using the

Hiradc (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining

Control) Method in the Sanur Sea Port Facility Construction Project

I Ketut Sutapa

, I Made Anom Santiana

, I Nengah Darma Susila

and Made Sudiarsa

Civil Department, Bali State Polytehnic, Bali 80364, Indonesia

Mechine Department, Bali State Polytehnic, Bali 80364, Indonesia

Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, Project Risk, Sanur, Sea Port, Facility, Project.

Abstract: Work accidents cannot be avoided but can actually be controlled or minimized. Diseases and accidents due to

work in the field of building projects can affect the level of labor productivity as a result of reduced labor

resources. In an effort to control and minimize work accidents, this research was carried out. The study of

occupational safety and health risks in buildings has not been specifically carried out. The OSH risk assessment

carried out is in accordance with the HIRADC stage, namely Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, And

Determining Control. In terms of risk control, it is carried out by referring to the risk assessment hierarchy. This

research in the long term aims to produce data in compiling a Construction Project Occupational Safety and

Health System. The specific purpose of this research is to identify risks of occupational safety and health in

building construction on structural works, determine risk values based on identification results, determine risk

control based on the risk control hierarchy. The output of this research is information related to the OHS risks of

construction projects, which are expected to provide input to construction service actors in the project

implementation stage.

1 INTRODUCTION

Construction services according to the law (UUJK)

are an activity to build facilities or infrastructure

which in the process includes building construction

(building construction), mechanical and electrical

installations as well as civil engineering construction.

Meanwhile, construction work is the whole or part of

a series of planning and/or implementation activities

as well as supervision which includes architectural,

civil, mechanical, electrical and environmental

management works respectively and their

completeness in realizing a building. . This situation is

similar to the case of a broken gondola accident in

2008, which recurred and streaked when the volume

of construction of property buildings increased

(Anonymous., 2018).

Projects are activities that take place within a

certain period of time and with limited resources. The

project management process begins with the planning

stage, followed by engineering and design,

procurement or auction, construction, operational tests

(commissioning), and the utilization and maintenance

stage (operational and maintenance). (Setiawan et al.,

195). The implementation of construction projects

definitely has risks. Project risks can be political,

environmental, planning, marketing, economic,

financial, natural, project, technical, human, criminal

and safety. These risks can affect the cost, quality and

timing of project implementation.

Work accidents in any sector including the

construction sector cannot be avoided but can actually

be controlled or minimized. In addition, other

problems are the existence of health problems and the

emergence of diseases due to work carried out by

workers. This will have an impact on reducing labor

resources which of course will affect the operational

implementation of work so as to reduce the level of

work productivity which results in losses by interested

parties, namely project owners, consultants,

contractors, chief craftsmen and the workforce itself.

This fact certainly complicates the handling of

OSH problems which are usually carried out by

training methods and explanations regarding the K3

Management System that is applied to the

implementers of construction projects. Construction

Sutapa, I., Santiana, I., Susila, I. and Sudiarsa, M.

Assessment of Occupational Safety and Health Risk (K3) Using the Hiradc (Hazard Identiﬁcation Risk Assessment and Determining Control) Method in the Sanur Sea Port Facility Construction

Project.

DOI: 10.5220/0011713800003575

In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2022), pages 113-119

ISBN: 978-989-758-619-4; ISSN: 2975-8246

113

projects in developing countries have three times the

mortality rate compared to developed countries. This

is certainly very concerning. The level of concern of

the business community for OHS is still low even

though workers are important tools for project

implementers (Sucita et al., 2011).

Based on research by (Nurhayati., 2010) the most

frequent number of construction work accidents from

2005 to 2015 were 78 cases of electrocution accidents,

59 cases of falling objects and 51 cases of falling from

a height. Currently the government has issued a policy

related to the implementation of K3 (Occupational

Safety and Health) construction. The legal basis for

reference is the Law, Government Regulation,

Ministerial Regulation, SKB MenPU & Menaker, and

Permenaker.

Building construction has a complex job

compared to other constructions. The building

consists of groups of Structural, Architectural,

Mechanical and Electrical, Plumbing, Interior,

Landscape, and other additional works. Each

occupational group has different occupational health

and safety risks. Sources of danger come from humans

themselves, equipment used, materials, work methods

and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to

carry out a specific analysis of all work items in order

to achieve project objectives, namely cost, quality,

time and orderly administration.

Analysis of occupational safety and health risks in

building construction with the HIRADC stage,

starting with Hazard Identification of structural and

architectural work, followed by Risk Assessment, and

Determining Control. The method in determining risk

control is based on the risk control hierarchy, namely

elimination, engineering, administrative control, and

the use of personal protective equipment. The method

of determining control is also not based on a risk

assessment hierarchy. Therefore, in this study, a

specific construction safety and health risk analysis

was carried out on structural works with the HIRADC

(Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and

Determining Control) stages and control based on the

risk control hierarchy.

1.1 Research Purposes

This study aims to obtain information related to

occupational safety and health risks in the construction

world. The research design is a research strategy in

identifying problems before the final planning of data

collection and used to define the structure of the

research to be carried out (Arikuto., 2010). The

objectives of this research are to Identifying

occupational health and safety risks in the construction

of the Sanur sea port facility on structural work.

Population is a generalization area consisting of

objects / subjects that have certain qualities and

characteristics determined by researchers to be

studied and then conclusions drawn (Sugiyono.,

2012). The sample used in this study were 25

respondents. To give more direction or focus more on

the selection of samples that really can represent the

number of population, the sampling technique is used

with accidental sampling. Accidental Sampling

according to Sugiyono (Sugiyono., 2010).

1.2 Benefit of Research

The benefits of this research are as follows: .Obtain

information related to occupational safety and health

risks in the construction world.. As a teaching

material in the Occupational Health and Safety

Management System course in the construction

sector.

2 METHODOLOGY

2.1 Research Design

This research was conducted in the section of the

terminal building on the construction of the Sanur

Seaport facility. Secondary data in this study were

obtained from studies of journals, literature studies,

reports that have been carried out, as an illustration in

conducting early risk identification. Primary data was

obtained through observation and interviews with the

parties involved in the project. From the results of

interviews and observations, the results obtained are

the identification of occupational safety and health

risks at the project implementation stage. The data to

get the respondents' assessments and opinions on the

identified risks was carried out by distributing

questionnaires with people who were appointed as

respondents.

The data obtained from the results of distributing

questionnaires were grouped according to the

respondents' answers to each question. The answer

given by the respondent is in the form of a risk

acceptance scale.Risk assessment based on PERMEN

PU No. 05-PRT-M-2014 the value of the frequency of

occurrence of OHS risk in construction, namely the

value of 1 (one) rarely occurs in construction

activities, the value of2 (two) sometimes occur in

construction activities, a value of 3 (three) often

occurs in construction activities. Severity scores are 1

iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science

114

(mild), 2 (moderate), 3 (severe). Construction OHS

risk level (TR) is the result of multiplying the value of

the occurrence of Construction OHS risk (P) with the

resulting severity value (A).

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Hazard Identification

The K3 risk analyzed in this study is the work on the

structure and architecture of the building project in

Badung Regency. The hazard identifications in

structural and architectural work were obtained. From

this planning into one with implementation, with this

it can be said that good planning with better

implementation can provide good work results in this

case can achieve the goals and objectives of the policy

or project implementation commitment (Intellectual

Wiranti and Gusti Ayu Kade., 2013) (Swastika and

Martini., 2011). The level of "good" assessment of the

implementation carried out by the implementation of

the project is not only stated based on the results of

the internal audit, but also from the evaluation of the

incidence rate (Udiani et al., 2012).

3.2 Risk Assesment

Construction projects of dams, tunnels, roads, bridges

and other civil engineering projects require certain

specifications, expertise and technology, which are

certainly different from housing or settlement

projects (Latupeirissa et al., 2016). Project risk in risk

management is the cumulative effect of uncertain

event opportunities, which affect project goals and

objectives. Uncertainty due to human/technology

activities can be reduced by extracting more

information and applying better models. Risk

management must be carried out throughout the

project cycle from the initial stage to the end of the

project (Husen et al., 2011). Analysis of the data to

determine the significant risks in structural and

architectural works of buildings carried out the

frequency and consequences identified from the

respondents' assessments through questionnaires.

Based on the respondent's answer seen from the

mode, the risk assessment is obtained from the results

of the multiplication of the respondent's answer mode

on frequency with the respondent's answer mode for

consequences, which can be seen in the following

table 1.

Table 1: Risk Assessment.

Source of Risk No. Sort

Identification

Risk Identification Frequency

Scale Mode

Consequence

Scale Mode

Risk

Value

Category

Stair Formwork

Peker

aan

19 Nailed 1 1 1 Light

UPSTAIRS

CONCRETE WORKS

Block concrete work 16 Hit by concrete

material

2 1 2 Currently

Beam work 17 Got electric shock 2 1 2 Currently

Beam formwork 18 Nailed 1 1 1 Light

Floor Slab Concrete

Works

19 Hit by concrete

material

2 1 2 Currently

Floor slab work 20 Got electric shock 2 1 2 Currently

Floor slab formwork 21 Nailed 1 1 1 Light

UPPER STRUCTURE

CANOPY WORK

Canopy Job 22 Steel pinch 1 1 1 Light

ROOF WORKS

Roof covering work 22 Falling from a

height

1 1 1 Light

ARCHITECTURAL

WOR

WALL COUPLE

WORK

Light Brickwork 23 Squeezed in

lightweight brick

material

1 1 1 Light

Plastering and wall

plastering

24 Falling from a

height

2 1 2 Currently

CERAMIC FLOOR

AND WALL WORK

25 Got electric shock 1 1 1 Light

CEILING WORK 26 Got electric shock 1 1 1 Light

DOOR AND

WINDOW WORK

27 Pinched

door/window

1 1 1 Light

TOILET SANITARY

WOR

28 Pinched 1 1 1 Light

FINISHING AND

WATERPROOFING

WORK

29 Falling from a

height

1 1 1 Light

RAILING

INSTALLATION

WORK

30 Pinched 1 1 1 Light

BALI

ARCHITECTURE

STYLE WORK

31 Falling from a

height

1 1 1 Light

Assessment of Occupational Safety and Health Risk (K3) Using the Hiradc (Hazard Identiﬁcation Risk Assessment and Determining

Control) Method in the Sanur Sea Port Facility Construction Project

117

Based on the table 1 above, it explains that the

level of acceptance of OHS risk is obtained in 2

categories, namely the mild category (score 1) with 21

risks, the low category (value 2) with 10 risks. There

are 21 risks that are at priority level 1 which are in the

mild category but cause permanent injury, priority

level 2 as many as 10 risks that fall into the moderate

category whose impact is severe but not

permanent,.This can help the placement of workers in

accordance with their expertise, arrangement of work

areas and work environment, as well as arrangements

for the order in which work is carried out (Wicaksono

Imam et al., 2011). A person's work attitude is

influenced by 4 factors, namely physical

characteristics, types of task requirements, work

station design and work environment (Bridger et al.,

1995). Work attitude or non-ergonomic working

conditions will eventually lead to complaints such as

disorders of the musculoskeletal system (Manuaba et

al., 2000).

3.3 Determining Control

The existence of risks that fall into the moderate and

light categories will greatly affect the implementation

of construction work. The priority scale is determined

based on work items that have a high, medium and

small level of OHS risk, with the explanation:

priority1 (high risk), priority 2 (medium risk), and

priority 3 (low risk). If the level of risk is declared

high,then the work item becomes the main priority

(rank 1) in the control effort. Risk is said to have top

priority when it threatens the safety of workers the

most fatal is death. The main priority risk control with

the risk control hierarchy is elimination, substitution,

technical control, administrative and provision of

occupational safety and health equipment. This stage

is carried out by considering the completion time of

the work.

4 CONCLUSION

Based on data processing and analysis in this study,

conclusions are obtained as follows: Occupational

safety and health risks of building construction at the

structural and architectural work stage were

identified as many as 32 risks. The results of the

occupational safety and health risk assessment of

building construction at the structural and

architectural work stage obtained two categories,

namely the light category (value 1) with 21 risks, the

low category (value 2) with 10 risks. controlled are

excavation and embankment of land facilities, sub-

structure work, concrete work, ground floor

superstructure work, upper floor concrete work, wall

masonry work. 3. Risk control based on the risk

control hierarchy is carried out with TBM (tools box

meeting), APK (regulating work positions,

placement of materials and tools, installation of

signs), applying for work permits, using PPE

(helmets, shoes, safety belts, gloves). , mask).

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Assessment of Occupational Safety and Health Risk (K3) Using the Hiradc (Hazard Identiﬁcation Risk Assessment and Determining

Control) Method in the Sanur Sea Port Facility Construction Project

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