Reflection on Digital Economy Promoting the Value Realization of

Geological Survey Ecological Products

Xiaolan Lv, Beibei Yang and Yue Sun

Development Research Center of China Geological Survey, Beijing, China

Keywords:

Digital Economy, Geological Survey, Ecological Products, Value Realization, Geological Cloud.

Abstract: In August 2005, the concept of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains"

(hereinafter referred to as "Two Mountains") was put forward. The value realization of ecological product is

an important path to open the transformation channel of "Two Mountains", and digital economy constitutes

an important engine to drive the transformation of "Two Mountains". This paper introduces the concepts of

ecological products, natural resources and natural resources assets, ecological resources and ecological

resource assets, geological survey ecological products, and digital economy promoting value realization of

ecological product. It analyzes the value realization methods and economic relations of geological survey

ecological products. It introduces the basic situation of geological cloud sharing geological survey ecological

product data. It analyzes the benefit of geological survey ecological products taking Geopark as an example.

Finally, three considerations on how digital economy promotes value realization of geological survey

ecological products are obtained: one is to further sort out the geological survey ecological products; the other

is to deepen the digital economy to promote the value realization of geological survey ecological products;

the third is to explore the value estimation system of geological survey ecological products.

1 INTRODUCTION

On April 26, 2018, at the Symposium on promoting

the development of the Yangtze River economic belt,

General secretary Xi Jinping stressed that "we should

actively explore and promote the path of transforming

green water and green mountains into golden

mountains and silver mountains, select qualified areas

to carry out the pilot of the value realization

mechanism of ecological products, and explore the

path of government led, enterprise and social

participation, market-oriented operation and

sustainable value realization of ecological products"

On March 12, 2019, in the fourth "Ministerial

channel" of the second session of the 13th National

People's Congress, Lu Hao, then Minister of natural

resources, said "since the establishment of the

Ministry of natural resources, many outstanding

problems have been solved, but there are also

problems such as the value realization mechanism of

ecological products that need to be solved"

. Lishui is

the first pilot city of ecological product value

realization mechanism in China. Digital economy

permeates the whole process of value realization of

ecological product, activates the "sleeping"

ecological resources and promotes the premium of

ecological products. The value realization of

ecological products feeds back the protection of

ecosystems, achieves a good double transformation of

gross domestic product (GDP) and gross ecosystem

product (GEP), and forms a sustainable high-quality

development pattern

2 DIGITAL ECONOMY

PROMOTES ECOLOGICAL

PRODUCTS TO THE HIGH

END OF THE VALUE CHAIN

2.1 Concepts of Ecological Products

2.1.1 Ecological Products

There are many understandings and concepts of

ecological products at home and abroad, but from the

perspective of the United Nations Millennium

Ecosystem Assessment Plan and the domestic policy

practice in recent years, the mainstream defines them

in the category of ecosystem services.

Lv, X., Yang, B. and Sun, Y.

Reﬂection on Digital Economy Promoting the Value Realization of Geological Survey Ecological Products.

DOI: 10.5220/0011738200003607

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Public Management, Digital Economy and Internet Technology (ICPDI 2022), pages 393-399

ISBN: 978-989-758-620-0

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

393

In December 2010, the national main functional

area planning issued by the State Council put forward

the concept of "ecological products" at the national

top-level design level: ecological products refer to the

natural elements that maintain ecological security,

ensure ecological regulation functions, and provide a

good living environment, including fresh air, clean

water and pleasant climate. Ecological products refer

to the services that the ecosystem provides the

ultimate welfare products for mankind through the

joint action of biological production and human

production, including products with ecological

functions produced from the natural system, and

products that meet human needs derived from the

industrial development and processing of natural

ecosystem functional products

The internationally commonly used concept of

"ecosystem service"

can be understood as the

material and service products provided by natural

ecosystems for human beings without damaging the

stability and integrity of ecosystems. In 2005, the

United Nations Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

proposed four types of ecosystem services: services

that directly supply materials, services that regulate

natural elements, services that provide spiritual and

recreational, and services that maintain the earth's

living conditions. Ecological products integrate four

types of ecosystem services and can be divided into

three categories: material products, regulation service

products and cultural service products

, as described

in Table 1.

Ecological products have public characteristics.

According to the difference in the degree of publicity

and the scope of benefits, ecological products can be

further divided into pure ecological public goods and

quasi ecological public goods. The former refers to

non-exclusive and non-competitive products with full

significance that are commonly consumed by the

society and have a common impact on the national

and even the global ecosystem. They are usually

provided by the government, such as desertification

control, natural reserve setting and other ecological

restoration and environmental governance projects.

The latter is between pure ecological public products

and ecological private products, such as sewage

treatment and garbage collection.

2.1.2 Natural Resources and Natural

Resources Assets

Natural resources are materials and energy that can be

used and naturally generated by human beings. They

are the material basis for human survival and

development, and have the dual attributes of nature

and society. Natural resource assets refer to the scarce

material assets that can bring human well-being and

exist in the form of natural resources, including land,

minerals and ecological resource assets. Natural

resource assets refer to the general term of various

material wealth elements in nature that are owned or

controlled by the state and are expected to bring

economic benefits to the country and people and can

be measured in currency, including various natural

resource wealth and rights

7-8

Table 1: Classification and examples of ecological products.

Categor

Product example

Material

product

• Food, such as: crops, wild food, fruits, fish

• Fiber and fuel, such as: wood, wool

• Biological chemicals, natural drugs

• Genetic resources: genes, genetic information and biotechnology for animal / plant breeding

• Ornamental resources, such as: shells, flowers

Regulation

service products

• Air quality maintenance

• Climate regulation, such as: greenhouse gas emissions affect the global ecosystem

• Water resources regulation, purification and maintenance

• Soil conservation

• Protection against natural disasters, such as: flood control and landslides

• Bioremediation, such as: removal of pollutants by storage, dilution, transformation and burial

• Ecological cycle, such as: atmospheric cycle and water cycle

• Provide habitat

• Promote crop pollination and maintain biodiversity

Cultural service

products

• Cultural heritage value

• Recreation and Ecotourism

• Promote physical and mental health

• Traditional cultural and religious values

• Aesthetic values

• Social relations, such as: fishery associations

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Figure 1: Contact diagram of geological survey providing support for subsequent industries.

2.1.3 Ecological Resources and Ecological

Resources Assets

Ecological resources refer to all the materials, energy,

information, time and space used by living beings and

human beings for their survival, reproduction and

development in the human ecosystem. Unlike

ecological products, which have the economic

attribute of value exchange, ecological resources are

the inherent basic resources of the ecosystem. They

can be transformed into ecological products only

when they are supplied, managed, supported or

provided with cultural services. Ecological resource

assets refer to natural ecosystems and the ecological

products produced by them, including water and soil

resources, ecological services and environmental

products, which provide mankind with green water,

green mountains and beautiful environment. They are

the core components of natural resource assets

9-11

2.1.4 Geological Survey Ecological Products

At present, China Geological Survey has organized

and implemented eight first-class projects of the state

finance. From the relationship between geological

survey and follow-up industries (see Figure 1), it can

be clearly seen that the value of geological survey

products needs to be realized through "geological

survey" + "industry".

Geological survey products are divided into

material products, regulation service products and

cultural service products. Geological survey has

basic, public welfare and strategic characteristics. It

is at the forefront of the natural resources industry

chain and provides support for economic and social

development. Therefore, not all products are

ecological products. Geological survey ecological

products only refer to geological survey products that

can maintain ecological safety, guarantee ecological

regulation function and provide a good living

environment.

The geological survey ecological products need to

be reflected by the used carriers. For example,

resources and environment carrying capacity

evaluation products support land spatial planning,

hydrogeology, engineering geology and geological

disaster investigation products support the

construction of ecological civilization, tourism

geological investigation products promote the

construction of geological cultural villages,

geological relics investigation products help to form

geological parks, and new energy mineral

investigation products help to improve the energy

structure and promote the new energy industry.

2.2 Value Realization of Ecological

Products

Ideally, the value of ecological products depends on

how much welfare they can provide to people.

According to the degree of biological production,

human production participation and service type,

ecological products can be divided into public

ecological products and commercial ecological

products. The value of ecological products includes

value of ecological capital, value of product use,

value of increasing employment, value of political

performance incentives and value of economic

Reﬂection on Digital Economy Promoting the Value Realization of Geological Survey Ecological Products

395

incentives, which are realized through market

exchange and government compensation

There are two ways to realize the value of

ecological products: direct realization and indirect

realization. This paper focuses on the direct

realization of the value of ecological products, that is,

under the premise of protecting the ecological

environment, to obtain economic benefits through

reasonable development. Various input factors and

owners of ecological product production are shown in

Table 2.

Table 2: Production factors and owners of ecological

products.

Production factors Owner

Ecological resource assets Country

Other assets (funds) Investor

Labor Worker

Science and Technology (Geological

Science and Technology)

Country or

patent owner

2.3 Digital Economy Promoting the

Value Realization of Ecological

Products

The digital economy promotes the value realization

of ecological products means that digital technologies

such as the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence

are embedded in the industrial chain and value chain

to promote the breakthrough of the industrial chain

nodes of ecological products and the rise to both ends

of the value chain. One end is product research and

development, and the other end is brand building. The

digital economy activates ecological resources, links

production factors, and accelerates the optimization

and integration of production factors. The digital

economy promotes the integrated development of

ecological industries, producing economies of scale,

economies of scope and business model innovation

effects

3 VALUE REALIZATION PATH

OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTS

3.1 Way of Value Realization

The most important way to realize the value of

geological survey ecological products is to put them

into the market for exchange. There are two main

ways to realize them.

One is direct implementation. On the premise of

protecting the ecological environment, economic

benefits can be obtained through reasonable

development. The value of material products,

regulation service products and cultural service

products will be realized through product

certification, emission right and energy use right

trading, tourism development and other means.

The other is indirect implementation. Under the

condition that development activities are prohibited,

ecological compensation can be obtained through

various forms of transfer payment, including

ecological compensation, ecological protection fund,

public payment for ecological products, etc.

3.2 Economic Relationship of Value

Realization

This paper focuses on the direct value realization of

geological survey ecological products. It is necessary

to understand the economic relationship in the

formation of ecological products.

3.2.1 Economic Subject

The economic subjects involved in the input and

output of ecological products include the government,

enterprises and individuals.

3.2.2 Value Distribution

Ecological products and services have economic

value to society because people get utility from actual

or potential use. The distribution of value is governed

by the law of surplus value, with the participation of

production factors. The value of a material product is

relatively easy to determine, and the market value of

the product can be evaluated according to the function

of the income price and quantity of the material

product. However, regulation service products and

cultural products often lack market prices, and their

value can be determined by the fees paid by people

for specific services, that is, the value can be

determined from the relevant actual purchase.

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4 PRACTICE OF DIGITAL

ECONOMY IN REALIZING

THE VALUE OF GEOLOGICAL

SURVEY ECOLOGICAL

PRODUCTS

4.1 Geological Cloud Sharing Data of

Geological Survey Ecological

Product

Geological cloud is a comprehensive geological

information service platform integrating planning

resources, data resources and application systems. It

is an important measure for China Geological Survey

to implement the big data strategy and digital China

strategy. The "One Map" big data system of

Geosciences has been established, including 98 core

databases such as the national Tiankeng professional

database, and increasing natural resource data such as

mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses.

The online working system of geological survey has

been preliminarily established to obtain cloud

knowledge and intelligent assistance in real time. A

number of important professional analysis and

evaluation systems have been developed, such as the

national geological disaster information system, the

resources and environment carrying capacity and the

land space development suitability evaluation

information system, etc., to accurately serve the land

space planning, use control, ecological protection and

restoration, and major project construction.

4.2 Benefits of Ecological Products of

Geoparks

The value of geological survey ecological products is

most easily understood and realized by tourism

geological survey products and geological relics

survey products. This paper analyzes the benefits of

geological survey ecological products from the

perspective of geoparks. A geopark is a geographical

area. The establishment of a geopark should not only

consider the landscape and geology of the area, but

also the entire geographical environment of the area,

and more importantly, the synergy between

geographical diversity, biological diversity and

culture. Therefore, geoparks should include

ecological, historical, social and cultural values. The

economic value is mainly calculated below.

4.2.1 Economic Subject

The main body of establishing the geopark includes

the government, investors and managers, local

residents, etc.

4.2.2 Building Elements

The establishment elements of the geopark generally

include: geological outcrops with geological

significance that can be visited, effective

management system and implementation plan,

government and enterprise direct investment, etc.

4.2.3 Value Distribution

Distributable value of geopark = income + other

funds - cost input. Where: the establishment cost can

be expressed as A1 (evaluation cost) + A2

(infrastructure cost) + A3 (management cost) + A4

(personnel employment cost) +other cost. The benefit

indicators of other geoparks are shown in Table 3.

Table 3: Relevant indicators of ecological product benefits

of Geopark.

Cost (A) Assessment cost (A1)

Infrastructure cost (A2)

Administrative expenses (A3)

Personnel employment expenses

(A4)

Other

Ecological products

(B)

(economic benefit

index)

Geopark income (B1)

Income from extended

publications (B2)

Driven by related industries (B3)

Peripheral economic promotion

(B4)

Other

Social benefit(C)

(social benefit

index)

Increase the income of local

residents(C1)

Attract tourists and increase

tourism income(C2)

Other

Ecosystem(D)

(ecological benefit

index)

Protection of geological relics(D1)

Regional ecological protection(D2)

Ecological restoration(D3)

Protection of biodiversity(D4)

Other

Incentive

mechanism (E)

Government compensation (E1)

Tax preference (E2)

Other

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397

5 CONCLUSION

First, the concepts of ecological products, ecological

resources and ecological resource assets, geological

survey ecological products and digital economy

promoting value realization of ecological product are

introduced. Secondly, the direct and indirect value

realization of geological survey ecological products

are analyzed. Thirdly, the basic situation of

geological cloud sharing geological survey ecological

product data are introduced. Finally, the benefit of

geological survey ecological products taking Geopark

as an example is analyzed.

6 RECOMMEND

6.1 Further Sorting out Geological

Survey Ecological Products

First, according to the classification of ecological

products, we need to further sort out the classification

of geological survey products and clarify the

connotation and extension of geological survey

ecological products. Secondly, from point to area, we

will explore the industrialization of natural resources

of geological survey ecological products through

practice, such as boosting the construction of

geological cultural villages. Third, we will increase

the research and development of technologies for the

systematic restoration and comprehensive treatment

of fragile ecosystems of geological resources, and

realize the ecological development of resource

industries, such as rocky desertification,

desertification, salinization, and land and mine

environment management.

6.2 Deepening Digital Economy to

Value Realization of Geological

Survey Ecological Products

First, the industrial digital space will be deepened.

Break through the extension of the industrial chain at

both ends of the geological survey ecological product

value chain, further strengthen the construction of

"big data + industrial cluster", further explore the

integration of mobile Internet, artificial intelligence

and other digital economic technologies with the

service industry, and promote new business forms

such as smart tourism. Second, the construction of

application scenarios of digital economy will be

promoted. In the construction of geoparks and other

projects with the theme of geological survey

ecological products, the concept and elements of data

economy are embedded to form a new growth point

for the value transformation of ecological products.

6.3 Exploring the Value Estimation

System of Geological Survey

Ecological Products

The value realization of geological survey ecological

products needs a scientific and acceptable value

measurement and evaluation system. First, it is

necessary to carry out comprehensive investigation

and evaluation of ecological resources, and find out

the quantity, quality, distribution, development and

evolution laws of resources. Secondly, based on the

output capacity of geological survey ecological

products, a value evaluation system is established,

and the accounting methods and technical

specifications for the value of different types of

ecosystem services are studied and formed.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This work is supported by the following projects

funding: Special Project of Geological Mineral

Resources and Environment Investigation

"geological survey standardization and standard

formulation and revision (2019-2021)" (No.

DD20190470) and "geological survey

standardization and standard formulation and revision

(2022-2025)" were funded (No. DD20221826).

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