Impact of Integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter on
Photovoltaic Performance Under Meteorological Condition in
Timor Island, Indonesia
Ade Manu Gah, Sumartini Dana and Maychel G. Pae
Electrical Engineering Department, State Polytechnic of Kupang, Kota Kupang, Indonesia
Keywords: Color Filter, Solar Blocking Film, Kupang.
Abstract: Beside solar radiation, a factor that most influences the performance of a PV cell is temperature. When there
is an increase in temperature, the short circuit current (Isc) will increase partially but the value of the open
circuit voltage (Voc) will decrease which then results in the low output power of the PV cell itself. Some
method used to control the surface temperature of solar panels is to use Color Filter and Nano blocking
Film. This method passes visible light with a certain wavelength to hit the cell and at the same time reflects
other light. Regarding to these method, the latest research used a Light Simulator in the laboratory, where
the Filter and Blocking Film impacts on solar panel are tested separately, found that the use of Nano Film
was effective in increasing the efficiency of PV Panels up to 14%. However, there has not been a similar
application carried out in real conditions (outdoor/outside the Lab) and there has been no integration
research under conditions where the two filters are combined. This research aims to analyse the performance
of a Photovoltaic System with integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filters under Real conditions,
namely the climatic conditions of Timor Island lndonesia. The method in this research is an experimental
method where the performance of photovoltaic without solar Filters is compared with the performance of
photovoltaic that has been integrated with solar blocking film rate of 40% and Color Filters yellow, purple
and red. The results show that the performance of PV panels by using a combination of 40% Solar Blocking
Film and Yellow Color Filters has succeeded in increasing the output power by up to 7,81% compared to
PV panel without filters.
1
INTRODUCTION
Solar Cell is a semiconductor technology that
converts solar energy into electrical energy. When
sunlight (photons) hit the surface of the solar cell,
electrons are separated from the semiconductor
material which then creates a flow of electrons known
as electric current. In addition to electric current,
electric voltage also appears as a result of conversion.
The amount of light absorbed by the solar cell is
directly proportional to the amount of current
produced while the voltage produced depends on the
temperature and the type of material used in its
manufacture (Ahmad Manasrah, 2019).
One of the things that most affect the performance
of a PV cell is temperature. When there is an increase
in low temperature, the short circuit current (Isc) will
increase partially while the value of the open circuit
voltage (Voc) decreases which results in the output
power of the PV cell itself which then impacts on the
low efficiency of the PV cell performance. On the
other hand, if the PV temperature is reduced to near
the nominal operating temperature, the PV efficiency
will be higher (Teo, Lee, & Hawlader, 2012).
One solution to prevent the increase in
temperature is to use a light filter. The use of light
filters on solar panels is intended so that sunlight
hitting the surface of the panel is a spectrum of light
with a longer wave and less energy (Sudhakar, Jain, &
Bagga, 2013). In addition, studies on the use of 20%-
80% blocking film and color filters have also been
used to reduce the temperature of the PV panels and
the efficiency results obtained are quite good
compared to not using filters (Ahmad Manasrah,
2019). However, the use of color filters and film
blocking in this study was tested on the Light
Simulator in the Laboratory.
Indonesia's position on the equator has made
Indonesia as one of the countries with the largest solar
energy absorption in ASEAN. The average intensity
714
Gah, A., Dana, S. and Pae, M.
Impact of Integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter on Photovoltaic Performance Under Meteorological Condition in Timor Island, Indonesia.
DOI: 10.5220/0011875100003575
In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science (iCAST-ES 2022), pages 714-718
ISBN: 978-989-758-619-4; ISSN: 2975-8246
Copyright © 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
of solar radiation in Indonesia can reach up to 4.8 kilo
watt hour per meter square per day (EBTKE, 2020).
East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is one of the provinces in
Indonesia with longer summer season than the rainy
season. Summer season in NTT can last 7-8 months
while the rainy season lasts 4-5 months. Due to the
long duration of summer for 1 year, NTT is
considered to be quite rich in sunlight. The highest
intensity of solar radiation in Indonesia is in NTT,
especially in Sumba Island and Timor Island can
reach up to 60 GW (Bere, 2020). This potential later
became the government's project to make NTT a solar
barn (EBTKE, 2020). Despite having the best solar
energy potential in Indonesia, the electrification ratio
in NTT is still lower than many other regions in
Indonesia. Utilization of solar energy through the
technology of converting solar energy into electrical
energy is still very low compared to its potential.
As mentioned above, Timor Island is one of the
islands in Indonesia with the best light intensity and
the average temperature on Timor Island is around
26-32 degrees Celsius (Basuk, Lidjang, & Nulik).
With such a high ambient temperature, it is important
to consider the use of Filters in the Solar Cell system
built around Timor Island. Considering this, this
research will conduct a study on the performance of
the Solar System by involving the use of Solar
Blocking Film and/or Color Filters.
This research will take a case study in Bioba as
one of the villages located in Kupang Regency. The
reason for choosing Bioba Village is because this
village is still not being electrified even though the
potential power plant through PV system is great.
This area has a fairly high light intensity, reaching 7.3
KW with a fairly high average temperature of 30
degrees Celsius (Weather Spark, 2022).
2
METHOD
The stages of this applied research are as follows:
Figure 1: Research Stages.
A. Project Planning
The main purpose of this plan is to get the design
and testing method of the Photovoltaic system that
was built and integrated with Solar Blocking Films
and Spectrum Color Filters. Block diagram of the
system that was built is shown below.
Figure 2: System’s Block Diagram.
B. System Requirements
At this stage, an analysis is carried out to determine
the requirements for the system development and
system testing Some of the main components of the
System are:
• Solar Panels,
• Charge Controller,
• Inverters,
• Battery
• AC and DC loads,
• Thermocouple
• Temperature Recorder
• IR thermometer
• Irradiance Meter
• Multimeter
• Solar Blocking Film with a blocking rate of 40%
• Spectrum Color Filter (red, violet, and yellow).
Figure 3: Systems Design.
Pro
j
ect Plannin
g
Analysis of System
Requirements
System
Development
S
y
stem Testin
g
Result and Re
p
ort
Impact of Integration of Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter on Photovoltaic Performance Under Meteorological Condition in Timor
Island, Indonesia
715
C. System’s Testing
This stage serves to determine the performance of
the PV system built under the climate conditions of
Timor Island in Bioba Village, Southwest Amfoang.
Performance indicators of the PV system built are
current, voltage, power, panel temperature, and
system efficiency. Some of the tests to be carried
out:
a. PV System Performance without integration
with Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter
b. PV System Performance with Solar Blocking
Film integration with blocking rates of 40%
c. PV System Performance with Integrated
Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter
3 RESULT
The performance of the system are measured
continuously from 09.00 to 14.00 where the intensity
of the sunlight in Timor is considered high. The
average temperature of the environment is around 35
degree Celcius.
Table 1: PV System Performance without integration of
Solar Blocking Film and Color Filter.
Time
Voltage
(Volt)
Current
(Ampere)
Power
(Watt)
08.00 19,35 1,77 34,23
09.00 19,01 1,72 32,62
10.00 18,78 1,70 31,93
11.00 18,03 1,67 30,27
12.00 18,45 1,70 31,42
13.00 18,70 1,72 32,25
14.00 18,35 1,68 30,95
Table 2: PV System Performance with Solar Blocking
Film integration with blocking rates of 40%.
Time
Voltage
(
Volt
)
Current
(
Am
p
ere
)
Power
(
Watt
)
08.00 19,50 1,86 36,27
09.00 18,93 1.80 34,07
10.00 18,81 1,80 33,85
11.00 18,63 1,79 33,34
12.00 18,43 1,76 32,52
13.00 18,40 1,77 32,56
14.00 18,70 1,75 32,72
From the table we can see that the Power output
of the system with solar blocking film is better than
the PV power output without addition of the
Blocking Film
Table 3: PV System Performance with Solar Blocking
Film integration with blocking rates of 40% and Yellow
Color Filter.
Time
Voltage
(Volt)
Current
(Ampere)
Power
(Watt)
08.00 20,24 1,93 39,14
09.00 20,24 1,95 39,56
10.00 18,52 1,79 33,16
11.00 18,38 1,78 32,82
12.00 18,17 1,76 32,03
13.00 18,20 1,76 32,12
14.00 18,31 1,77 32,55
Power output of the system with the integration
of 40% blocking Film and Color Filter Yellow
shows better result compared to the previous
treatments.
Table 4: PV System Performance with Integration of 40%
Solar Blocking Film and Violet Color Filter.
Time
Voltage
(
Volt
)
Current
(
Am
p
ere
)
Power
(
Watt
)
08.00 19,55 1,66 32,57
09.00 18,87 1,60 30,26
10.00 18,94 1,60 30,47
11.00 18,62 1,58 29,43
12.00 18,14 1,53 27,91
13.00 18,15 1,54 27,96
14.00 18,29 1,55 28,42
Table 5: PV System Performance with Integration of 40%
Solar Blocking Film and Red Color Filter.
Time
Voltage
(
Volt
)
Current
(
Am
p
ere
)
Power
(
Watt
)
08.00 19,85 1.67 33,15
09.00 18,66 1,59 29,66
10.00 18,27 1,55 2835
11.00 18,02 1,53 28,31
12.00 18,05 1,53 27,61
13.00 17,9 1,52 27,21
14.00 18,05 1,54 27,79
iCAST-ES 2022 - International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Engineering Science
716
The results shows that the best performance is
shown by the PV system with the integration of 40%
Solar Blocking Film and Yellow Collor Filter.
The comparison with the system without any
Filters is presented in the table below:
Table 6: Comparison with the system without any Filters.
Time
Without
Filter
With 40% Blocking
Film + Yellow Collor
Filter
P P
Δ P (%)
08.00 3.423,02 3914,42 14,36
09.00 3.262,12 3956,92 21,30
10.00 3.193,91 3316,93 3,85
11.00 3.027,24 3282,67 8,44
12.00 3.142,04 3203,37 1,95
13.00 3.225,75 3212,30 -0,42
14.00 3.095,65 3255,52 5,16
Average 7,81
From the table, we can see that there is 7,81% of
increase in Power Output if the system integrated
with the 40% solar blocking Film and Yellow Color
Filter.
4 CONCLUSION
The research is aiming to measure the performance
of the PV system with and without addition of
Blocking films and Color Filter under the
meteorological condition of Timor Island. The
results shows that the best performance is shown by
the system with the integration of 40% of Solar
Blocking Films and Yellow Color Filter where there
was an increase around 7, 81 % of its power output
compared to the system without integration of any
Filter. On the contrary, the addition of the different
colors (Violet and Red) integrated with 40%
blocking Film in this research show reduc the
performance of the panel.
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