Construction of Tropical Agricultural Products Emergency Logistics
Coupling System: Take Hainan Free Trade Port as an Example
Liu Cuicui
1
and Wang Xiuqin
2
1
Institute of Logistics Management and Engineering, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
2
Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
Keywords: Emergency Logistics, Tropical Agricultural Products, System Dynamics, Hainan Free Trade Port.
Abstract: In order to better realize the value conversion of agricultural products through the emergency logistics of
agricultural products, this paper analyzes the current situation of the emergency logistics of tropical
agricultural products in Hainan. First of all, the characteristics of tropical agricultural emergency logistics are
described, and the urgency of circulation and sales of agricultural products under the epidemic situation is
integrated into the emergency logistics. Secondly, the coupling relationship between emergency logistics and
tropical agricultural products is studied using the method of System Dynamics. Through the construction of
the model and the behavior mode analysis of the coupling system, the paper put forward the following solution
to use the emergency logistics to drive the sales of tropical agricultural products : the industrial Internet cloud
warehouse mode is the breakthrough of emergency logistics development in tropical agricultural products;
The refined management of standardized emergency logistics is the anchor of the value of emergency logistics
in tropical agricultural products. The construction of emergency IT platform is the only way for emergency
logistics to develop tropical agricultural products. This is of practical significance in increasing farmers'
income and driving industrial economy.
1 INTRODUCTION
Since the 1960s, the rapid rise of new industrial forms
such as the United States biological agriculture,
digital agriculture, ecological agriculture and tourism
agriculture has provided great impetus for the
development of American agriculture. With regard to
the study of agricultural logistics service industry in
the transportation of agricultural products, Sloof et al
pointed out that the quality of agricultural products
may reduce the efficiency of its application, which
depends on three factors: agricultural products
themselves, consumer needs and objectives as well as
the market conditions of agricultural products
procurement. Long and Wood proposed that the only
dominant factor determining the success or failure of
crisis management is information management
activities. Fritz Research Institute developed a
software for supply chain management, which also
could support emergency logistics information work.
Tucker was the first to study the rise of specialized
agricultural information service and how to transfer
agricultural technical information to farmers. The
relevant domestic policies include the 13th Five-Year
Plan for The Construction of National Emergency
Response System: the No.2 document issued by the
State Affairs Office (2017), which mentioned that the
current public security situation is grim and complex
and we should establish and improve the emergency
logistics system, vigorously promote the
development of integrated storage and transportation
equipment for emergency supplies, and gradually
realize the standardization, modularization and high
efficiency of emergency logistics. The Research
group of the Institute of Macroeconomics and the
Department of Agricultural Economics of the
National Development and Reform Commission
pointed out strengthening the construction of rural
infrastructure. In the No. 1 document of the Central
Government "Several Opinions on Implementing the
New Concept of Development, Speeding up
agricultural modernization and Realizing the Goal of
an all-round well-off life", the specific requirements
of "promoting the close connection of agricultural
production, addition and marketing, and cultivating
the new mode of increasing farmers' income" were
put forward. Domestic related researches include the
construction of regional emergency logistics service
mode (Wang Chenglin, Wu Xuelian, et al.), the
construction of China's agricultural emergency
410
Cuicui, L. and Xiuqin, W.
Construction of Tropical Agricultural Products Emergency Logistics Coupling System: Take Hainan Free Trade Port as an Example.
DOI: 10.5220/0011949400003612
In Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Automation, Information and Computing (ISAIC 2022), pages 410-415
ISBN: 978-989-758-622-4; ISSN: 2975-9463
Copyright
c
2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
logistics system under emergencies (Fu Yu; Zhang
Yi, Hou Hanping; Zhang Jingyu, Dai Anna et al.), the
influencing factors of agricultural product
management from multiple perspectives (Zeng
Qianlin, Sun Qiubi; Lai Xiuyuan; Li Liu, Cai Jian, et
al.) , agricultural product logistics under the epidemic
situation (Cui Mi; Wang Hainan, Ning Aizhao et al.
Zhang Qinhong). The main representative researches
are as follows: Wang Chenglin and Wu Xuelian put
forward the operation mode of shared logistics center
based on multi-agent coordination through in-depth
analysis of the current situation of emergency
logistics in China. Combining the current situation
and existing problems of the development of food
emergency logistics in Hainan, Fu Yu et al proposed
strategies to strengthen emergency response and plan
management and improve the level of early warning
service. Zhang Yi and Hou Hanping analyzed the
construction principles and common problems of
agricultural emergency logistics system under
emergencies, and put forward corresponding
measures based on emergencies. Zhang Jingyu et al
proposed that the government should strengthen
logistics informatization and modernization. Li Liu et
al believe that the involvement of e-commerce has a
crucial impact on the operation of agricultural
products, and the standardization of agricultural
products and the construction of brand are the key to
the quality of business. Cui Mi believed that affected
by the epidemic, the supply chain of agricultural
products should be built from six aspects, including
optimization of upstream, innovation of downstream,
development of cold chain and layout of emergency
response system, to deal with the situation of "fire and
ice" in fresh food industry. According to the impact
of the epidemic on fresh agricultural products in
China, Wang Hainan et al. proposed the development
path and strategy of using digital supply chain to
increase chain elasticity, improve fresh
standardization and brand construction. Zhang
Qinhong proposed that the huge impact of the
epidemic on agricultural products should be
addressed from three aspects, including strengthening
cold chain logistics infrastructure.
The above shows that there are few studies on
emergency logistics of tropical agricultural products.
Tropical agricultural products in China are mainly
concentrated in Hainan and other tropical regions. At
the beginning of the epidemic, offline sales of
agricultural products in Hainan were blocked.
According to statistics, unsalable mangoes in Sanya,
Hainan, reached 4,000 tons, which was only the tip of
the iceberg in terms of delayed sales of tropical
agricultural products. The emergency logistics and
tropical agricultural products can be combined to
explore the coupling problems, and the value system
can be built. The emergency logistics can be used to
stimulate the local agricultural economy. This can not
only solve the current problems during the epidemic
emergency but also can lead the future agriculture
economy and explore the road of the sustainable
development.
2 THE STATUS QUO
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of this
social unrest extends to the special period after the
present pandemic, where the function of the market
economy is weakened or was even completely
ineffective at the beginning of the pandemic. The
government needs to work with farmers to keep the
society running smoothly. In tropical agricultural
products emergency logistics, Hainan government
has become the provider of emergency logistics, so it
is necessary to build a set of optimal system planning
and countermeasures. For the emergency logistics of
tropical agricultural products, in addition to the
characteristics of emergency logistics mentioned
above, it also combines the characteristics of tropical
agricultural products themselves: the scattered and
disorderly phenomena arising from the more
concentrated harvest of tropical agricultural products
need urgent agricultural products circulation and the
restrictions of their shelf life need efficient sale. This
paper focuses on the research of circulation of
tropical agricultural products and the emergency
logistics.
Hainan agricultural emergency logistics can be
mainly reflected in the following aspects:
First, the offline marketing of agricultural products
has been impacted. Due to the impact of the epidemic,
it is difficult to sell melons and vegetables in winter.
Hainan is the largest winter melon and vegetable
production base in China. Different from other
production bases, its sales place is mainly outside the
province. Due to this, merchants, logistics, sales
market all affect Hainan agricultural products.
Farmers are in a more passive part of the supply chain,
and the phenomenon of "dilemma between buying and
selling" appears. Combined with the traditional
festival of "public season" with Hainan characteristics,
the poultry raised by farmers has reached the sales
standard but there is nowhere to sell, and the income
of farmers is severely hit. As an export market, the
agricultural products can not be consumed by the local
market. Moreover, since closed-off management is
implemented in villages and towns around the
Construction of Tropical Agricultural Products Emergency Logistics Coupling System: Take Hainan Free Trade Port as an Example
411
country, most agricultural activities are forced to stop
working, and farmers have a low degree of integration
with the logistics system.
Second, logistics infrastructure construction lags
behind, and emergency storage and security is not
perfect. The circulation efficiency of fresh
agricultural products is low, which affects the sales
radius. The information technology of emergency
logistics lags behind and emergency logistics lack
standardized operation standards. The participation of
farmers in Hainan is not high, most of them only
focus on planting. When emergencies similar to the
epidemic come, they do not know how to sell their
own products. The transportation facilities of the
source area of agricultural products are backward.
Although the state has stressed the new rural
construction to solve the "last kilometer" problem of
rural logistics, the transportation facilities in Hainan
are still backward because it is mountainous.
Third, agricultural logistics companies are not
professional and the value-added logistics services
such as circulation and processing of agricultural
products are of low level. As an economic and social
service industry, logistics industry plays an
irreplaceable role in the development of other
industries. Since there are too multifarious kinds of
agricultural products, the requirements are also
different as to storage and transportation.
Warehousing and transportation of agricultural
products at this stage is still in its quantity meet stage
and it is not realistic to equip all the agricultural
products with corresponding facilities. As a result, the
degree of specialization is naturally generally low.
Logistics development planning lags behind.
In short, the epidemic has highlighted the
inconveniences of transportation in rural areas, the
relatively backward third-party logistics, the scarcity
of storage logistics and the poor professional
circulation and processing of agricultural products,
resulting in the phenomenon of " rich harvest but poor
interest" in rural areas.
3 SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL
CONSTRUCTION
3.1 Analysis of the Construction of the
Basic Model Structure
In this model construction, system dynamics is
mainly used to study the emergency logistics of
agricultural products in the circulation link under the
epidemic situation. Tropical fruits and vegetables
were in the peak season of demand and there were
booking agreements or trading cooperation signed by
wholesalers or commercial enterprises in advance, so
the sales volume was good at the beginning. When
fruits and vegetables and other agricultural products
come on the market in winter, the positive feedback
loop plays a leading role in this period. The epidemic
struck an inhibition of the adjustment of the
agricultural products sales loop. This in turn leads to
the cancellation of the orders of agricultural products.
Even the order agreements signed with wholesalers
are also largely affected. Large amounts of
agricultural products could not be sold out. The
epidemic lowered the demand for agricultural
products sales investment, which further restricted the
agricultural products sales promotion. It also lowered
the logistics service performance criteria of export
market, restricting the performance improvement of
emergency logistics service, so as to make the
emergency logistics supply negative feedback circuit
plays a leading role. This aggravated the sales
dilemma of agricultural products, so that agricultural
products could not be sold. In order to solve this
situation urgently, to trigger the demand for
emergency logistics investment, to improve the
existing service level, to improve the service
performance of emergency logistics, and to solve the
loss caused by unsalable agricultural products,
another negative feedback loop plays a role in the
performance of emergency logistics service, and the
"negation of negation" rule of double negation can in
turn promote the sales of agricultural products. The
causal loop diagram and stock flow diagram of the
fundamental model of insufficient investment in
agricultural products sales and logistics are shown in
Figure 1 (a) and (b).
The example equation is as follows:
The initial value of emergency logistics service
performance =100
Emergency logistics service performance =IF
THEN ELSE (induced emergency logistics service
demand <= existing logistics service level, 1, ZIDZ
(existing emergency logistics service level, induced
emergency logistics service demand)) *100
Marketing promotion rate = induced demand for
emergency logistics service *0.5* (emergency
logistics service performance -90) /100
Logistics investment demand =MAX (Required
service - existing service level, 0)
Service of demand = induced emergency logistics
service demand
Sales volume of agricultural products =INTEG
(marketing promotion rate, 80)
ISAIC 2022 - International Symposium on Automation, Information and Computing
412
Existing service level =INTEG (Service growth
rate, 100)
Service growth rate =DELAY31 (logistics service
investment, time required for service formation, 0)
Induced emergency logistics service demand
=INTEG (demand change rate, 80)
Demand change rate = sales volume of
agricultural products *0.5* (emergency logistics
service performance -90) /100
Logistics service investment =DELAY31
(Logistics investment demand, delay time of service
investment, 0).
The final sentence of a caption must end with a
period.
（a）Causal loop diagram.
（b）stock flow diagram
Figure 1: Structure of agricultural sales and urgent need
model of emergency logistics.
3.2 Result
In this model, the sales volume of agricultural
products is a cumulative quantity. Through the
construction of the coupling system and data
simulation, the simulation cycle is 100 weeks, which
covers the period from the early stage of the epidemic
in 2020 to the present. Due to the large amount of
unsalable agricultural products under the epidemic
situation, the impact of insufficient stock of
agricultural products is not considered here. The
relationship between the investment service demand
of emergency logistics service level and the sales
volume of agricultural products is simulated. The
research on sales volume mainly analyzes two
variables, namely, the demand for emergency
logistics service and the existing service level. The
setting of Current data set takes the delay time of
service investment =20 weeks and the time required
to form the service =17 weeks. The parameters of data
set 1 were set as delay time of service investment =6
weeks and time required for service formation =4
weeks. After simulation with VENSIM software, the
behavior model was obtained, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2: Scenario simulation curve of sales of agricultural
products and sales of agricultural products in the urgent
need model of emergency logistics.
In this simulation result, the sales volume of
agricultural products in data set 1 is marked by line 2,
which is significantly higher than that of line 1 in
Current data set. It can be seen that the improvement
of emergency logistics service level plays a decisive
role in the sales of agricultural products, and it is
necessary to accelerate the level of emergency
logistics service: on the one hand, the delay time of
emergency logistics service investment should be
shortened; On the other hand, in the process of
investment in logistics services, the time needed to
form services should be shortened. Only by adjusting
these two times at the same time and forming services
as soon as possible can more sales of agricultural
products be achieved in the process of epidemic. This
requires local governments and regions to vigorously
improve the service level of emergency logistics: on
the one hand, knowing the main contradiction in the
circulation process of agricultural products, they
should try to improve logistics facilities and
equipment and do a good job of the "first kilometer"
in the field, so as to improve the service level of
S ale s vo lume of
agricultural products
Induced emergency
logistic s se rvice d ema nd
+
+
Emergency logistics
service performance
Required service
+
-
+
Existing service
level
Logistics service
investment
Logistics investment
demand
-
+
+
+
Service performa
n
standards
+
Required service
Logistics service
investment
Logistics investment
demand
Sa les volume o f
agricultural products
marke ting
promotion rate
Induced emergency
logis tics ser vice d emand
demand change
rate
Existing
servic e level
Service growth
rate
time required for
service formation
delay time of service
investment
emergency logistics
service performance
Sales volume of agricultural products
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1111
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0 102030405060708090100
Time (week)
Sales volume of agricultural products : current
1111111
Sales volume of agricultural products : 1
2222222
Construction of Tropical Agricultural Products Emergency Logistics Coupling System: Take Hainan Free Trade Port as an Example
413
emergency logistics as soon as possible; On the other
hand, efforts should be made to drive the sales of
agricultural products, so as to achieve online and
offline sales promotion.
4 DISCUSSION
To realize the sale of fruits and vegetables is the
primary consideration of farmers, the following
solutions are proposed.
4.1 Cloud Warehouse Mode of
Industrial Internet
The O2O management mode of agricultural logistics
supply chain integrates online resources with offline
resources and consists of agricultural production
enterprises, wholesale centers and e-commerce
platforms, so as to improve the flow efficiency of the
logistics supply chain and reduce the corresponding
logistics costs. Based on online publicity marketing
and information interaction, online transactions are
also the scale advantages presented by the integration
of a variety of resources.The related offline operation
will also be carried out at the same time. Through the
effective integration of online and offline market and
through setting up online flagship stores and physical
stores, the problems related to the original logistics
supply chain information and the agricultural
products quality could be solved. Consumers can
learn about the real information of agricultural
products through a variety of platforms before they
make online orders and wait for the third party
logistics transportation.
4.2 The Refined Management of
Standardized Emergency Logistics
With the continuous improvement of standardization
of planting and management of tropical agricultural
products, new technologies have been further
promoted and applied and the output have been risen
steadily and prices remained stable. The emergency
logistics should be more efficient for the logistics
needs of emergency situations. First, the emergency
logistics command center should be established to
design and improve the emergency system according
to the previous health emergency or public events.
Second, the government should use science and
technology for the traceability management of
agricultural products. More investment can be made
in hardware and software to improve the service
efficiency of the network center and management
center. Third, government should expand product
sales channels in case of emergencies, re-inject
economic vitality into enterprises, partially recover
the market and supply basic living materials to the
people.
4.3 Emergency IT Platform
Construction
Many areas in Hainan have been affected by the
epidemic, and the potential crisis may break out at
any time, and the losses will gradually increase.
Therefore, more and more people realize that it is
imperative to strengthen the response, and emergency
logistics plays a pivotal role in emergency work.
Emergency logistics is a part of socialized logistics,
and its development efficiency is restricted by the
development level of logistics industry. Now most
people no longer trade in cash, but choose mobile
online payment for settlement. At the same time, the
construction of vegetable basket project of
government departments in offline transactions not
only protects the interests of farmers producing
agricultural products, but also protects the interests of
consumers. The pandemic has accelerated changes in
the way people buy and sell. With the help of mobile
phones, most farmers can sell agricultural products
online, increasing their own sales channels.
Therefore, in order to better play the core role of the
emergency logistics network platform, the
supervision and tracking system of the production and
marketing of agricultural products, distribution
points, vehicles, emergency logistics enterprises and
other situations should be included in the construction
of the IT emergency platform.
5 CONCLUSIONS
In the period of sharp drops in market prices, how to
implement subsidies to farmers is also a problem
Hainan needs to consider. When the price rises, it is
difficult to transport vegetables from the field to the
public. The smooth transport link is crucial.Establish
emergency logistics response mechanism and
agricultural products emergency logistics system.The
mechanism should guarantee the cooperation of the
main body of emergency logistics. The construction
of the emergency logistics response mechanism
includes the construction and improvement of the
coordination mechanism of the government, the
improvement of the monitoring and early warning
mechanism, the establishment of the social public
ISAIC 2022 - International Symposium on Automation, Information and Computing
414
emergency mechanism, the improvement of the
emergency report and information release
mechanism. To change the awkward situation that
emergency logistics is only paid attention to when
disasters and epidemics come. We will encourage
integrated use of post express service and supply and
marketing resources, and give full play to the
advantages of the postal network in terms of its wide
coverage and high reliability. This is very different
from the past, and now we have a situation where
demand is unchanged or even increasing, but there is
a shortage of supply. On the overall level, a large
number of unsalable agricultural products are mostly
caused by blocked circulation channels, but specific
analysis will find that the situation of unsalable
agricultural products in various regions varies
greatly: some of the buyers did not purchase in
accordance with the plan, which led to blocked sales;
the village road closure led to limited logistics, so the
agricultural products can not be shipped out; some
agricultural products can not be sold because of the
changes in past sales channels. Therefore, to solve the
problem of unsalable agricultural products under the
epidemic situation, IT platform of agricultural
emergency logistics should be established and overall
planning should be carried out.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research was supported by College Students
Innovation Training Project of Hainan Province in
2020: "Nanguo" Yunzhi Zhen Store
(S202013892022); Natural Science Foundation of
Hainan Province in 2021(No.721RC605);2022the
college level teaching quality engineering
construction project Higher Education Teaching
Reform - Specialty Innovative Curriculum Project
(ZLGC20220527) "Innovative Research on the
Teaching Theory and Practice of Logistics
Technology and Equipment"; 2021 Teaching Quality
and Teaching Reform Engineering Course Teaching
and Research Office Construction Project of
Guangdong Provincial Department of Education
"Intelligent Logistics Application Teaching and
Research Office Construction".
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