Design and Analysis Go-Kart Chassis with Rear Movement on 150cc
Motor Engine
Sri Endah Susilowati
1
and Hendrickues Fernando
2
1
Universitas 17 Agustus 1945, Jakarta 14350, Indonesia
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta University, Jakarta, Indonesia
Keywords: Go-kart, Rear Drive, Performance.
Abstract: Go-kart is a type of sports car, open vehicle, four wheeler, or quadracycle. The Go-kart chassis experiences
loads from, the engine, drivers and the mass of the chassis itself. In this design, the Go-kart frame is made
using hollow iron material 40 x 12mm, 1.2mm thick with a rear-wheel drive engine with a capacity of 150cc
combustion chamber. Steel plate material is used using SMAW welding with welding wire RB E6013 2.6mm
with a current of 70A, welding position 1G (or flat position). The test is carried out with the Universal Tensile
Testing Machine, the material is pulled past the maximum stretch elasticity limit until the test object finally
reaches the limit (break). Tensile testing takes approximately 3-5 minutes with a load of 10-20N. For the
chassis frame, the strength is done by knowing the magnitude of the bending moment acting on the chassis
frame and the maximum bending stress that occurs. With a driver's weight of 55 kg, the flexural stress received
is 300kg.m, and the maximum flexural stress received by the chassis is 0.4477kg/cm2, which is smaller than
the allowable stress for the material 5.7kg/cm2. From these results, the chassis design is considered safe.
1 INTRODUCTION
Go-kart is a simple, light, four wheeled sports car,
single seater racing car, without suspension and
differential gear and is used by people who are
interested in auto racing sports like Formula 1 or
Formula E etc(Krishnamoorthi et al., 2021;
Srivastava, J. P, 2021). This type of vehicle is
designed and manufactured specifically for racing
purposes. Go-karts are small racing vehicles without
suspension and are rarely used with differentials
(Shaik Himam Saheb et al., 2016; J.D. Andrew Pon
Abraham, 2017; Govardhana Reddy, 2016). Go-karts
are often used as light entertainment in spare time and
for racing sports that are included in the Formula 9
category (Prof. Ambeprasad Kushwaha, 2018; Syed
Azam Pasha Quadri, 2017; Harshal D. Patil, 2016;
V.S. Shaisundaram, 2020). Go-kart consists of
various types such as internal combustion engine,
electric powered, and Hybrid. Go-karts are compact,
simple, light and easy to operate vehicles, designed
for flat track racing so that the ground clearance is
very small compared to other vehicles(Koustubh
Hajare, 2016). The basic components are the chassis,
steering, axle, engine, bumper and wheels. The
vehicle is under a low speed race car which has low
ground clearance and hence no suspension system(U.
Kalita,2018).
The creation of this Go-kart is intended as a
learning tool for someone to start a racing career.
Some people ride it as entertainment or as a hobby by
non-professionals (S.A.P. Quadri, 2017). The car
chassis is analogous to the human body frame. The
chassis, also known as the 'Frame', is the basic
structure of any car that supports it from below. The
purpose of the chassis is to support the weight of the
car both in idle and dynamic conditions. As a result
of engine vibration, unbalanced mass, and irregularity
in the way the vehicle can experience complex
vibrations, which are detrimental to the health of
passengers and vehicle parts (M. Mohanta, 2018). In
addition, vibration cannot be completely eliminated
from the mechanical structure of the element, but can
be reduced (N. K. Saini, 2019). In general, suspension
systems are used to reduce vibration. However, the
Go-kart has no suspension. Therefore, it is very
important to control the vibration of the vehicle
within the permissible limits to protect the safety and
physical health of the driver. In the future composite
materials can be used to design Karts which will help
to reduce the weight of the frame material, have good
control and fast acceleration. Electric vehicles are
Susilowati, S. and Fernando, H.
Design and Analysis Go-Kart Chassis with Rear Movement on 150cc Motor Engine.
DOI: 10.5220/0011980400003582
In Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar and Call for Paper (ISCP) UTA â
˘
A
´
Z45 Jakarta (ISCP UTA’45 Jakarta 2022), pages 307-311
ISBN: 978-989-758-654-5; ISSN: 2828-853X
Copyright
c
2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
307
becoming the most promising in the current situation
as the industry turns to renewable and pollution-free
energy (Krishnamoorthi,2021).
In this paper, a chassis for a Go-kart with rear
wheel drive is made which is driven by a 150cc motor
engine. The chassis is made of hollow steel measuring
40 x 12mm, 1.2mm thick, which is designed in such
a way that it can withstand the weight of the engine
and its drivers. In addition, to determine the
performance of the kart engine using 2 steps on a
150cc motorcycle engine, namely regarding the
strength of the welded connection and the strength of
the frame in accepting the load from the engine and
driver.
2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
Before the Go-kart making process is carried out, the
steps taken are to make the design of the main frame,
followed by the design of other supporting
components. The Go-kart chassis is made using
hollow steel with a size of 40 x 12 mm, 1.2 mm thick.
Hollow iron is made of carbon steel with 1.7% carbon
content and 1.65% manganese along with a number
of other alloying materials.
The Go-kart chassis was designed using the
AutoCAD 2017 computer application. The chassis
designed is a Go-kart for sprints so it uses a straight
frame, where the driver's position is in the middle.
The cut materials are joined by SMAW welding using
2.6 mm RB E6013 electrodes with a current of 70A.
The main part of the chassis frame is what supports
the engine, driver and other parts. Before being
assembled into a complete frame, the chassis material
is tested by welding to ensure that it has sufficient
strength. The tests carried out are tensile tests carried
out with the Universal Testing Machine (Figure 1).
The second testing stage is load testing, the passenger
weight is 56kg, and the engine weight is 40 kg. The
result is the chassis is able to withstand the load.
Figure. 1: Universal Testing Machine.
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The results of the design, assembly and welding of the
Go-kart chassis using SMAW welding can be seen in
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, while the results of the tensile
testing can be seen in the Table 1.
Figure 2: Design of Chasis.
Figure 3a: Design result.
Figure 3b: Design result.
ISCP UTA’45 Jakarta 2022 - International Seminar and Call for Paper Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta
308
Testing the strength of the welding results is
carried out by the tensile strength test method. The
results of the tensile test can be seen in Table 1 below:
Table 1a: Test result data.
Uji Sampel/
Test Point
Wo A L
(mm) (mm
2
) (mm)
Sample 1 25.4 50.8 35
Sample 2 25.4 50.8 34.8
Sample 3 25.6 50.8 34.9
Table 1b: Test result data.
Uji
Sampel/
Test Point
L
A
(mm)
Ɛ
(%)
F
max
(N)
σ
t Max
(Mpa)
Sample 1 35.6 1.017 25 0.49210
Sample 2 35.8 1.028 27 0.53149
Sample 3 35.5 1.017 26 0.51180
These data are calculated using the formula for strain
and stress as follows:
1. From the material sample 1 test data obtained:
Strain
𝜀
∆𝐿
𝐿
LA = 35.0 mm
LO = 36.5 mm
𝜀
𝐿
𝐿
𝐿
35.6 35.0
35.0
𝟏.𝟎𝟏𝟕%
Stress
𝜎
𝐹
𝐴
F = 9 N
A = 50.8 mm
2
𝜎
9
50.8
0.018065
𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑚
0.17716 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜎
.
𝐹
𝐴
𝜎
.
25
50.8
0.0500182
𝑘𝑔
𝑚𝑚
0.𝟒𝟗𝟐𝟏 𝑴𝑷𝒂
With the same way, the calculation of the results of
welded joints on sample materials 1, 2 and 3, will
obtain the maximum stress values respectively as
follows: 0.4921 MPa, 0.53149 MPa and 0.5118 MPa.
Calculation of Chassis / Frame Strength due to
Loading
3.1 Loading on Transverse Frame
3.1.1 Distribution of Engine Load on
Vehicle Chassis
M
2
= 40 kg (machine weight)
𝑙
𝑙
17 𝑐𝑚
Figure 4: Front View of Machine Load.
Reaction force at the end of the frame
ΣMA
1
= 0
(M
2
. l
1
) – (RA
2
.(l
1
+ l
2
)) = 0
40 x 17 – RA
2
x 34 = 0
RA2
20 kg
l
1
= l
2
,
So:
RA
1
= RA
2
= 20 kg
Bending moment in C
M
C
= 17 x 20 = 340 kg.cm
3.1.2 Load Due to Driver's Weight
M
1
= 56 kg
l
1
= l
2
= 30 cm
Figure 5: Front view driver's weight load.
Reaction force at the end of the frame
ΣMA = 0
M
1
x l
1
– (R
B2 x
(l
1
+ l
2
)) = 0
56 x 30 – R
B2
x 60 = 0
Design and Analysis Go-Kart Chassis with Rear Movement on 150cc Motor Engine
309
RB2
1680
60
28 kg
R
B1
= R
B2
= 28 kg
Bending moment at point C
M
C
= 28 x 30 = 840 kg.cm = 8.4 kg.m
3.2 Calculation of the Load on the Side
Frame
Figure 6: Frame load from side view.
M
1
(Mass of Engine) = 56 kg
M
2
(Mass of Driver) = 40 kg
3.2.1 Reaction Force at Point A and Point B
ΣM = 0
(M
1
x a) + (M
2
x b) – R
B
x l = 0
(56 x 40) + (40 x 75) – R
B
x 175 = 0
RB
30 k
R
A
= M
1
+ M
2
– R
B
= 56 + 40 – 29,94 ≈ 66 kg
3.2.2 Bending Moment
M
C
= R
A
x a = 66 x 0,40 = 26,4 kg.m
M
D
= R
B
x (l – b) =30 x ((175-75))/100=300 kg.m
The greatest bending moment occurs at point D
Bending Stress
4
cm
1,2 cm
σb
M
bh
6
M . 6
bh
300
0,012 x 0,04
4.477 kg/m
0,4477 kg/cm
4 CONCLUSIONS
In a very competitive world of racing, it takes a Go-
kart that is safe, comfortable, and has good engine
performance when driven in the racing arena. To
determine the reliability of the chassis from the
design results, it is carried out through a load test on
the chassis/Go-kart frame and a road test. Go-kart
engine used is a static engine with a capacity of 150
cc and a maximum power of 6 HP with a transmission
using a chain. The results of the chassis test with a
driver weight of 56 kg, experienced a very small
deflection, so it could be ignored, the turning
behavior was known that the kart was oversteered, the
results of the frame strength test found that the kart
had a deflection in the frame, it is recommended that
the maximum driver weight be 55 kg.
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