Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented

Reality and Their Application

Yang Xiao

, Tian Li

, Changchen Wan

and Jie Zhang

School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China

Production Development Department, AECC Chengdu Engine Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China

Department of Mechanical Engineering, West China University, Chengdu, China

Keywords: Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Key Technologies, Application Fields.

Abstract: With the rapid development of computer science and technology, the application of information technology

in people's work and life has become more and more extensive and important. Information equipment's

hardware and software environment has also been greatly developed, which has promoted the development,

maturity, and application of many new technologies. Virtual reality and augmented reality technologies have

begun to attract widespread attention from the government, the enterprise, and people from all walks of life.

Focusing on the development trend of virtual reality and augmented reality technology, this paper summarizes

the technical characteristics, the key technologies’ development status, and the wide application of virtual

reality and augmented reality. Hope to help relevant personnel refer to and borrow in the process of making

decisions, development, and technological breakthroughs in technology applications through this article, to

lay a more solid foundation for the continuous development and application of virtual reality and augmented

reality technology.

1 INTRODUCTION

Virtual reality technology (VR for short) creates

artificially constructed three-dimensional virtual

environments in which users naturally interact with

objects, greatly expanding the ability of humans to

understand, simulate and adapt to the world. VR

technology started to emerge in the 1960s and 1970s

and began to take shape and develop in the 1990s,

solving major or universal needs in many application

areas such as simulation training, industrial design,

and interactive experience (Ronald T. Azuma, 1997).

Augmented reality technology (AR for short)

improves the user's awareness of the real environment

through the use of computer-generated three-

dimensional as well as multidimensional information.

Using technologies such as visualization,

optoelectronic display, and human-computer

interaction to reflect the information of the virtual

environment in the real world through senses, and

accurately overlaying the computer-generated virtual

scenes, virtual objects, or information into the real

scene to achieve a seamless connection between the

real world and the virtual scene. So that when the user

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5757-8335

visits the virtual world in the real scene, a real

environment effect is presented to the user from the

visual and tactile senses (Zhu Miaoliang, Yiao Yian,

Jiang Yueliang, 2004).

AR and VR technologies can not only improve the

intensity of interaction between the information

environment and the real environment but can also

further promote the growing demand for immersive

digital applications. Therefore, to better improve the

quality of the application of VR and AR-related

technologies, this paper focuses on the development

trend of VR and AR, reviewing the technical

characteristics of VR and AR, the current state of

development of key technologies, and the wide

application of these technologies. It is hoped that this

paper can help relevant personnel in the process of

decision-making, development, and technological

breakthroughs in technology applications, to lay a

more solid foundation for the continuous

development and application of VR and AR

technology in general.

818

Xiao, Y., Li, T., Wan, C. and Zhang, J.

Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality and Their Application.

DOI: 10.5220/0012059900003612

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Automation, Information and Computing (ISAIC 2022), pages 818-826

ISBN: 978-989-758-622-4; ISSN: 2975-9463

 2023 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. Under CC license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

2 VIRTUAL REALITY AND

AUGMENTED REALITY

Virtual Reality was proposed by Jaron Lanier, the

creator of VR, in the early 1980s. It refers to the

integrated use of computer graphics systems and a

variety of display and control and other interface

devices, in the computer-generated, interactive three-

dimensional environment to provide immersion in the

technology, where the computer-generated,

interactive three-dimensional environment is called

the virtual environment.

The basic characteristics of VR are immersion,

interaction, and conception. Compared with other

computer systems, VR systems can provide real-time

interactive operation, three-dimensional visual space,

and a multi-channel human-computer interface. As a

new type of human-computer interface, VR not only

immerses participants in the virtual world generated

by the computer but also provides a direct means of

communication and interaction between the user and

the virtual world. Using VR systems, the real world

can be simulated dynamically, and the dynamic

environment can respond to the user's posture, verbal

commands, etc. in real time. The computer can track

the user's input and modify the virtual environment

obtained from the simulation promptly according to

the input. so that a real-time interactive relationship

between the user and the simulated environment is

established to create a sense of immersion. Thus, VR

technology has changed the way humans obtain

information, improved the harmony between humans

and machines, and made the human-computer

interface more intuitive. VR technology inherits the

latest technological developments such as computer

graphics, simulation, artificial intelligence, sensing

technology, display technology, and high-speed

network transmission. Its emergence opens up a new

way for human beings to understand the world.

AR is a new technology developed based on VR

technology. It is a technology that uses a computer to

generate additional information about the real world

seen by the user for scenery enhancement or

expansion. It superimposes computer-generated

virtual objects, scenes, or system cues onto the real

scene to “augment” reality. In an AR environment,

users can see the real environment around them along

with computer-generated augmented information.

This augmented information can be virtual objects

that coexist with the real environment in the real

environment or non-geometric information about the

real objects that exist. AR builds a bridge between VR

and the real world (Azuma R, Baillot Y, Behringer R,

et al., 2001).

AR was created with the development of VR

technology, so there is a close and inseparable

relationship between the two, but there are also

significant differences. VR systems emphasize the

complete immersion of the user's senses of sight,

hearing, and touch in a virtual environment,

emphasizing the immersion of the user's senses in a

completely computer-generated space (Cyberspace).

VR is usually done with the help of display devices

that can isolate the user's vision from the

environment, generally using immersive helmet

displays (Jue Wang, Keith J. Bennett, 2013). In

contrast, AR systems not only do not isolate the

surrounding real environment but also emphasize the

user's presence in the real world and strive to maintain

the constancy of their sensory effects displays.

The application of AR involves how to

superimpose the virtual objects generated by the

computer into the video stream in real time as

required by the user. In the process of placing 3D

virtual objects into the user's environment, it is

necessary to first determine the exact position of the

virtual object in the 3D scene, and then when the

camera position changes, the virtual object should be

projected correctly relative to the camera. The

essence of this type of problem is how to describe the

motion of the camera so that the virtual object can be

added to the user's environment accurately and

quickly.

The development of computer vision technology

has greatly promoted the application of AR, making

the AR model much more flexible and realistic. AR

not only inherits the advantages of VR but also has

the characteristics of combining reality and reality.

Compared with VR technology, AR technology

brings the computer into the user's " world". Instead

of immersing the user into the world of the computer.

It allows the user to receive various auxiliary

information from the computer about the actual

objects as they interact with them.

3 KEY TECHNOLOGIES FOR

VIRTUAL REALITY AND

AUGMENTED REALITY

VR technology establishes an artificially constructed

three-dimensional virtual environment, users interact

with objects in the virtual environment naturally and

influence each other, which greatly expands the

human ability to understand the world, simulate and

adapt to the world. VR technology has made great

progress in theoretical technology and application

development, and the main scientific issues include

Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality and Their Application

819

modeling methods, performance technology, human-

computer interaction, and equipment, which are three

major categories.

The technology of superimposing 3D virtual

objects into real-world displays is called AR. The

synthesis of the real world and virtual environment

reduces the workload of 3D modeling, improves user

experience and credibility with the help of real scenes

and objects, and promotes the further development of

VR technology. AR technology is "real with virtual',

the image captured by the camera truly reflects the

real scene, which can reduce the modeling and

rendering workload of the scene, providing a

lightweight and realistic technology.

The technical characteristics of AR can be

separated from the following three points: mixing

virtual and real environments; real-time interaction;

and three-dimensional registration.

The key technologies of VR/AR contain mainly

the following：

 Environment Modeling Technology:

That is, the establishment of the virtual

environment, the purpose is to obtain the actual

three-dimensional data of a three-dimensional

environment, and according to the needs of the

application, use the acquired three-dimensional

data to establish the corresponding virtual

environment model.

At present, the study of the physical

representation of virtual objects and their physical

models is mainly focused on kinematics and

dynamics. Physical models are available only for

particle systems, spring models, smoothed

particle hydrodynamics methods, and a few

others. Many physical characteristics of matter

(such as material characteristics), physical

phenomena such as explosions and cuts, realistic

representation of physical characteristics, and

interaction responses of material objects such as

flexible, viscous, plastic, flow, gas, and field in

real-time, there are many theoretical problems.

The balance between real-time and realism for

specific applications is also a problem to be

considered because of the huge computational

effort of the physical model.

With the continuous expansion of VR application

fields, virtual human manipulating entities (e.g.,

aircraft, vehicles, etc.) becomes an important part

of VR systems, and the behavior of these

intelligence makes the three I (immersion,

interaction, imagination) characteristics of VR

systems develop to four I, i.e. intelligence. The

solution to this kind of problem depends on the

development of artificial intelligence technology

and human brain science.

 Haptic Feedback Technology:

In VR systems, users can manipulate virtual

objects directly and feel the reaction force of the

virtual objects, thus creating a sense of

immersion.

There are still a large number of problems with the

way and mechanism of force/haptic realistic

perception between human and virtual objects and

their devices, especially the sense of flexibility; in

addition, the study of new perceptual channels,

such as the sense of temperature and humidity,

smell/taste, etc., is a problem area that requires

multidisciplinary cross research to solve.

 Interaction Technology:

Human-computer interaction in VR technology

goes far beyond the traditional mode of keyboard

and mouse, using complex sensor devices such as

digital helmets and digital gloves, as well as three-

dimensional interaction technology with voice

recognition and voice input technology to become

an important means of human-computer

interaction.

The spatial calculation of virtual scenes in head-

mounted displays, including the real-time

accurate tracking and positioning of the

experiencer's head and position, as well as the

location calculation and real-time performance of

virtual objects in real space in AR head-mounted

displays are issues that need further research.

Related to this, virtual-real fusion is one of the

basic problems of AR, including the fusion of

graphic objects and video images in video-based

AR display, and the fusion of graphic objects and

real scenes in optical perspective-based AR

display, and many problems are yet to be solved.

Meanwhile, the outdoorization of optical

perspective AR, including the fusion of reality and

reality in large outdoor scenes, is a direction to be

explored.

 Mobile Terminal and Internet-Based VR:

Mobile terminal and Internet-based VR have

great potential for development. For the former,

low computing and low storage VR technology,

cloud VR technology, low latency big data

transmission and new interaction are innovative

technology directions. The latter requires full-

screen 3D drawing, VR device access with more

appropriate human-computer interaction

mechanisms, and new browser standards. web VR

will bring change and disruptive impact on

existing browsers and mail systems, etc., and

become the new entrance to the Internet.

ISAIC 2022 - International Symposium on Automation, Information and Computing

820

 System Integration Technologies:

Since VR systems include a large amount of

perceptual information and models, system

integration technologies are of top priority. These

technologies include information

synchronization, model calibration, data

conversion, recognition, synthesis, etc.

At present, the productivity of VR content

production is low because of the low automation and

intelligence of tools and development platforms for

VR modeling, drawing, and repair, and because VR

hardware is incompatible and uses its software

development kit (SDK). Improving the efficiency of

3D modeling (geometry, image, scanning, etc.) and

the level of automation of cavity repair are elements

that need further research, and developing standard

application program interfaces and common software

packages is an inevitable way to improve sharing and

R&D efficiency.

4 APPLICATIONS OF VR AND AR

VR and AR technologies have seen significant

developments in manufacturing applications (Dong

Xiaofei, 2012).

4.1 Manufacturing

The use of remote real-time monitoring and sharing

of expertise such as equipment maintenance and

operation can help workers complete repairs and

perform troubleshooting and maintenance of

machines. VR and AR can help solve a range of

problems in visualizing and guiding operations

(Zhang Qiuyue, 2017). This technology can carry out

operational guidance on technical support to solve

equipment problems and ensure proper operation of

equipment.

The intelligent management of VR and AR

technologies in machinery is shown in Figure 1. The

platform provides customers with a full range of

services such as training, maintenance, remote

assistance, evaluation, quality control, and diagnosis

(Ren Fuji, Bao Yanwei, 2020).

Using VR/AR technology, companies can

improve R&D efficiency, reduce production costs,

shorten R&D cycles and improve product stability.

Figure 1: VR/AR machinery intelligent management

platform.

4.1.1 Application for Virtual Assembly and

Production Line

In machinery manufacturing, VR technology is used

to establish virtual parts for assembly, users can

simulate the product assembly process, check the

design of the parts in the virtual assembly process,

whether the assembly process produces interference

situations, and the parts design drawings to modify.

VR technology applied in product production can

improve design, enhance enterprise production

efficiency, shorten the production cycle, and reduce

production costs. The use of VR technology allows

enterprises to improve market responsiveness and

strengthen flexibility in production processes.

4.1.2 Application in Machinery and

Equipment Maintenance

The use of AR/VR technology in machinery and

equipment maintenance can improve the efficiency of

maintenance. Using AR smart glasses for machinery

and equipment maintenance can view the specific

operation steps of equipment fault repair. At the same

time, through the smart glasses communication

system for maintenance operation guidance,

maintenance personnel with insufficient work

experience can also complete the repair and

maintenance tasks with the help of the system to

ensure the standardization and standardization of the

operation process. AR technology combined with

equipment system monitoring data analysis can

discern whether the machinery and equipment are

running normally, fault problem analysis, and

elimination, to achieve stable use of equipment.

4.1.3 Business Marketing

Enterprises can apply VR, and AR technology to

present the shape, material, parts, and internal

structure of the product as well as the design principle,

Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality and Their Application

821

working process, performance characteristics, and

usage of the machinery through virtual 3D images.

Using VR technology, customers understand the

internal structure of the product and how to use the

equipment, etc. in an all-around way. At the same

time, it can also put the equipment maintenance, and

fault judgment maintenance tutorial guide customers

to learn to use, which can ensure the normal operation

of the equipment, but also more convenient

maintenance equipment, greatly increasing the

customer's desire to buy.

For enterprises, VR and AR technologies can

enhance customers' understanding of products and

reduce the cost of equipment transfer and exhibition

set-up during exhibitions and implementation

sessions, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: VR/AR Application in enterprise product

marketing

4.2 Military

AR technology has entered the military field in many

aspects of the application and began to play an

important role. Countries around the world also attach

great importance to the use of AR technology in the

military field, in the manufacture of weapons and

equipment, battlefield environment display, troop

exercises and training, rear-end integrated security,

and other aspects of a large number of research and

exploration, and achieved a series of results, showing

a broad application prospect.

4.2.1 Defense Industry Production

AR technology used in the field of the defense

industry is mainly reflected in four aspects: First, it

can display and share information in real-time such as

physical objects, models, design drawings, etc. Using

multi-channel human-machine natural interaction

technology, which makes it possible for off-site,

multiple people to interact in real-time, communicate

and exchange design ideas, modify and improve the

program. Second, the model of weapons and

equipment and a variety of possible design solutions

can be integrated and displayed to the user, the user

can compare a variety of options through the AR

system, and can directly reflect the modification to

the development of the equipment model. Third, it

can provide users with an advanced demonstration,

allowing developers and users to simultaneously

enter the virtual and real combat environment to

operate the weapon system, to test the design of the

weapon system, tactics, technical performance

indicators, and the rationality of its operation. Fourth,

the standard workflow guidelines for assembly and

maintenance can be accurately displayed to the user,

significantly improving the efficiency of equipment

development and equipment practicality.

4.2.2 Battlefield Environment Display

AR technology is used in battlefield environment

display, mainly through the integration of virtual

objects in the real environment, not only can display

the real battlefield scene to the troops, but also can

enhance the display of the real battlefield scene by

adding virtual objects to emphasize the

environmental information that cannot be seen by the

naked eye, as well as the hidden forces of the enemy

or their side, thus truly realizing the visualization of

various battlefield information. For example, using

AR technology for a pilot cockpit display, on the front

glass of the pilot's cockpit, or their helmet display, not

only can provide navigation information to the pilot,

but also can provide enhanced battlefield information

including the enemy's hidden forces.

The helmet-targeting display based on AR

technology can project relevant information directly

onto the pilot's helmet viewfinder, providing him with

a virtual picture of the helicopter's surroundings so

that the combat scenes or targets can be displayed to

the pilot in AR under various types of harsh

geographical and meteorological conditions.

4.2.3 Operational Command and Control

AR technology is used in combat command and

control, mainly in 3 aspects: First, the application of

AR technology in the combat command system can

enable the commander to grasp the situation of each

combat unit and task force in real time, which is

conducive to the commander to quickly and correctly

understand the intention of superiors and make timely

decisions. Second, the application of the combat

command network system can enable commanders at

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822

all levels to simultaneously watch and discuss the

battlefield as well as interact with virtual scenes to

achieve a high degree of sharing of information across

the battlefield, which is conducive to a unified

understanding and close collaboration among

commanders at all levels. Third, the AR system

applied to multi-user, multi-terminal collaborative

work, can establish a shared, understandable virtual

space for each user, and terminal, allowing each user,

and terminal to share battlefield information, real-time

communication, and interaction, conducive to

command troops to strengthen cooperation,

collaborative operations.

4.2.4 Military Exercise Training

The application of AR technology in military

exercises and training helps to innovate exercise

training methods and methods and increase the degree

of actual combat. The application of a military

training system based on AR technology can build an

extremely realistic combat-oriented training

environment. Trainees can see not only the real

training scenes but also various combat-oriented

virtual objects added to the scenes through the AR

system they carry with them so that trainees can

conduct immersive training and further enhance the

combat-oriented level of military exercises and

training (Roberts, D, et al., 2012; Sun Tong, Qu Lei,

Lai Ming, 2022; Wang Minghui, Sheng Yu, Zhou

Haiguang, et al., 2018).

The "AR sandbox system can visually reflect the

real terrain of the battlefield so that combatants can

immerse themselves in the battlefield terrain, which

will have a significant impact on military training,

and adversarial exercises.

Figure 3: Military Exercise Training with VR.

4.2.5 Equipment Maintenance Guarantees

AR technology used in the maintenance of weapons

and equipment, by adding all kinds of maintenance

support information in the actual equipment, can

guide the maintenance personnel to implement

maintenance by step, can pinpoint the parts that are

not directly visible and visualize them, to confirm the

parts to be tested and repaired or replaced, which can

not only help maintenance personnel quickly familiar

with and master a variety of weapons and equipment

maintenance techniques, but also ensure the

standardization of the entire maintenance process

greatly reduce the training costs of maintenance

personnel, reduces the difficulty of equipment

disassembly, maintenance, and repair, and improves

the efficiency of maintenance and security.

Figure 4: AR technology for equipment maintenance.

4.2.6 Military Medical Treatment

AR technology used in military medical treatment can

superimpose various types of information about the

sick and wounded on the body or physical

mannequins of the sick and wounded, helping doctors

to make surgical plans, precise positioning, and

Auxiliary guidance during surgery, and simulated

surgical training. For example, after a critically ill

patient is put into an ambulance, it is a long journey

from the ambulance to the hospital. The

accompanying doctor wearing AR glasses can

quickly transmit the patient's illness to the attending

doctor in the hospital through the camera on it, and

the attending doctor can make an emergency plan

according to the situation to save lives quickly. In the

ward, nurses seeking the ward through AR glasses

can quickly transmit the situation of the sick and

injured to the doctor in the office, and the doctor does

not have to personally go to each patient's bed to

check, improving medical efficiency. During surgery,

it also provides a first view of the surgical process,

facilitating telemedicine collaboration, prompting

surgical steps, and enhancing surgical reliability by

prompting attention to details of the surgical process

through AR effects.

Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality and Their Application

823

Figure 5: Military medical treatment.

4.3 Education

VR and AR technologies can be used to simulate

objects, allowing learners to see virtually generated

model objects in the context of a realistic

environment (Shen Yang, Lu Xing, Zeng Haijun,

2020). This means of interaction based on the real

world and augmented by virtual data gives educators

a whole new way to express learning objects and also

builds a space for learners to explore on their own in

the most natural way of interaction. This is very

inspiring for teaching abstract content. It is due to

these features that it has great potential for

development and application in the field of education

(Zhou Meiyun, 2020; Liu Gengzhe, Liu Xiaowen,

Gou Zhaoyuan, 2022; Buentello-Montoya D A,

Lomeli-Plascencia M G, Medina-Herrera L M, 2021).

AR-based virtual learning environments are new

in the field of education, where learners interact with

the environment and get feedback quickly and decide

what to do next based on the feedback results,

establishing a link between knowledge and response.

This is consistent with Piaget's vision and practice of

"bringing the laboratory into the classroom" and with

the constructivist learning theory that "learning is an

experience of real situations”.

4.3.1 Vocational Training

AR technology is widely used in the field of

vocational education, providing realistic simulation

opportunities for some experiments and training that

are difficult or dangerous to carry out due to objective

conditions. For some subjects that need to receive 3D

information in the learning process, AR technology

displays physical information, making it easier for

learners to get three-dimensional models and create a

continuous learning experience for learners.

Here is an AR application that helps engineering

students improve their spatial skills. As shown in

Figure 6, a book that presents a 3D model helps

students complete a virtualization learning task to

improve their spatial imagination skills within a short

remedial course.

Figure 6: VR-assisted vocational training.

4.3.2 Medical Education

AR technology plays a unique role in the field of

medical education, which can help medical learners

establish a three-dimensional dynamic concept of the

human body system, observe internal activities, and

simulate surgical practices. With AR technology, it is

possible to get different levels of human body

structure with just a flick of the hand and observe an

organ’s movement individually, as shown in Figure

7. Links, videos, or models can be presented through

AR technology while the learner is looking at the

book to help the learner establish a physical concept

of what they are learning.

Figure 7: AR Medically Assisted Education.

4.3.3 Engineering Education

In an engineering education system for maintenance

training of machines, the AR system not only displays

real information and superimposed virtual

information through a camera, but also shows the

location of the operation in the display through a

tactile pointer. Teachers and students can use this

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824

system for experimental demonstrations or open

exploration of complex task solutions, as shown in

Figure 8. This system is an excellent tool for learning

experiences for some complex experiments.

Figure 8: AR machine maintenance training.

4.4 Sports

VR and AR in sports, including research projects such

as VR sports rooms, VR tennis, and VR cycling

(Wang L P, 2022).

Sports IT-integrated theme parks can provide

consumers with more diverse sports and

entertainment experiences by introducing and

upgrading entertainment facilities that reflect virtual

and AR, and consumers get sports satisfaction

through various VR experiences. In particular, the

completion of various theme parks such as sports VR

theme parks, virtual basketball parks (Figure 9),

virtual tennis parks, virtual horseback riding arenas,

etc., can provide a comprehensive experience of

sports VR sports such as screen basketball, soccer,

horseback riding, cycling, skiing, shooting, etc.,

ensuring the fun and competitive nature of sports.

VR/AR Basketball Theme Park

Figure 9: VR/AR Basketball Theme Park.

4.5 Medicine

VR and AR technologies are also used in the field of

medicine, not only to provide more diversified and

realistic case analysis for difficult cases that are

currently rare but also to build a better virtual

operating table, which can play a greater role in

enhancing doctors' own surgical experience. The

technology is also widely used in telemedicine

collaboration and rehabilitation treatment, and has a

positive impact on the development and optimization

of medical treatment in China, as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 10: Telemedicine-related application.

5 CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER

DEVELOPMENT

As a novel type of human-computer interface and

new technology, VR and AR are receiving a lot of

attention and have already played an increasingly

significant role, showing high potential for

application. However, many issues still need to be

addressed to realize the full potential of VR and AR

in the future. For example, research on faster and

more reliable real-time image generation algorithms,

research on psychological, physiological, and

sociological effects of VR and AR on operators,

improving the convenience of VR and AR

development tools, developing VR sensing devices

that meet market needs, and are acceptable to the

general public, creating exemplary engineering

applications, etc.

VR and AR technologies provide a powerful

means to expand human intelligence and will have a

huge and far-reaching impact on production methods

and social life. As technology continues to evolve, its

content will continue to grow. And as the price of

input and output devices decreases, the quality of

video displays improves, and highly functional but

Development of Key Technologies of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality and Their Application

825

easy-to-use software becomes practical, the

applications of VR and AR are bound to grow. the

prospect of VR and AR technologies revolutionizing

artificial intelligence, CAD, graphics simulation,

virtual communications, remote sensing,

entertainment, simulation training, and many other

fields is extremely attractive.

From its creation to its development to becoming

a brand-new way for human beings to expand and

access the world, VR technology is rapidly entering

all walks of life, showing its great technological

leadership and driving force. VR is rapidly entering

two major application aspects of industry sectors and

popular life.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This research was supported by the Open Research

Project of the National Key Laboratory of VR

Technology and Systems VRLAB 2020C07.

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